Tooj: Physiology
Cov khoom siv, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev lag luam siv tooj liab
Copper (Cu) yog cov hlau hloov pauv nrog atomic tooj 29. Cu muaj 29 isotopes, ob isotopes ruaj khov (63Cu thiab65Cu), thiab 27 radioisotopes. Qhov ntau tshaj isotope yog63Cu uas suav txog kwv yees li 69% ntawm qhov tshwm sim Cu. Cu muaj lub ntsej muag-centered cubic crystal qauv. Ntshiab Cu yog cov txiv kab ntxwv liab liab hauv cov xim, tuaj yeem ua tau zoo, thiab tus neeg xyuas pib zoo ntawm cov cua sov thiab hluav taws xob.
Cu yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb lub crust thiab pom nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig raws li ib tug hlau thiab nyob rau hauv ntau yam minerals (xws li, cuprite thiab malachite). Concentrations yuav txawv ntawm tsawg dua 50 ppm mus rau ntau tshaj li ob peb txhiab ppm nyob rau hauv tej cheeb tsam. Feem ntau ntawm Cu extracted los ntawm sulfide ores. Ob qho tib si ntuj thiab anthropogenic kev ua ub no tso Cu rau hauv ib puag ncig. Cov xwm txheej ntuj muaj xws li volcanic eruptions, cua daj cua dub plua plav, hluav taws kub hav zoov, thiab cov nroj tsuag lwj. Mining, milling, thiab hlau ntau lawm yog tib neeg kev ua ub no uas tso Cu rau hauv ib puag ncig. Qhov nruab nrab Cu concentrations nyob rau hauv huab cua thaj tsam ntawm 5 mus rau 200 ng ib cubic meter nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog thiab nroog. combustion ntawm fossil fuels yog ib qho tseem ceeb contributor rau huab cua Cu.
Hauv xyoo 2013, cov neeg tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm Cu yog Chile, Tuam Tshoj, Peru, Tebchaws Asmeskas, thiab Australia. Chile yog tus tsim tawm sab saum toj nrog kev kwv yees ntau lawm ntawm 5 700 000 tons. Cu yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau hom kev lag luam. Kev siv loj yog nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob xaim, kav dej, vov tsev, thiab kev siv tshuab. Cu kuj tseem ua ke nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus xws li zinc thiab tin los ua cov alloys tooj dag thiab tooj liab, feem. Cov alloys no yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv thov uas xav tau cov khoom siv nyuaj dua li cov ntshiab Cu.
