Tooj liab siv rau ntau thaj chaw hauv cov duab kos duab thiab kev lag luam kos duab; Niaj hnub no, peb yuav tshawb xyuas cov hauj lwm uas siv nws feem ntau.
Thawj, cov twj tso kua mis
Vim nws cov ntau ntau qhov zoo, xws li kev ua kom zoo nkauj, ruaj khov, hluav taws xob muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab huv si} Cov hlau ua piv rau cov hlau galvanized thiab roj yas. Lawv muaj zog zuj zus tuaj thiab cov khoom siv ntawm kev xaiv rau dej, cua sov, roj, thiab hluav taws txia vaj tse nyob rau hauv vaj tse thiab pej xeem vaj.
Hauv cov teb chaws tsim tau, tooj liab cov dej uas twb muaj nuj nqis rau ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke. Piv txwv li, Manhattan lub tsev nyob rau hauv New York City, suav hais tias yog lub tsev loj tshaj plaws, siv ko taw (10,000 ob txhais taw) ntawm cov kav dej tooj liab rau nws cov dej ib leeg. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, kev noj ntawm cov kav hlau hlau rau cov dej haus yog qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv UK, qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo noj ib leeg yog 1.6 kilograms, thaum nyob hauv Nyij Pooj, nws yog 0.2 kilograms.
Vim yog cov xeb sib xyaws ntawm galvanized steel kav, ntau lub teb chaws tau txwv lawv siv. Txhawb kev siv cov raj tooj liab piping hauv kev tsim vaj tsev nyob hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog qhov tseem ceeb. Thib ob, kho kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev.
Kev siv cov nplooj ntawv tooj liab rau lub ru tsev thiab cov eave muaj kev lig kev cai ntev hauv Tebchaws Europe. Hauv cov tebchaws Nidic, nws tseem siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj.
Tooj liab muaj siab tiv taus atmospheric corrosion, ruaj, thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Nws cov haib ua haujlwm tau tso cai rau kev tsim yooj yim rau hauv cov duab nyuaj, thiab nws cov xim txaus nyiam ua rau nws zoo rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Nws cov kev siv ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm cov vaj tse keeb kwm zoo li pawg ntseeg muaj keeb kwm ntev thiab txuas ntxiv mus rau ib qho kev ua kom muaj kev lom zem rau brilliance. Nws kuj tseem tau nce qib hauv kev siv niaj hnub no - Cov tuam tsev teev, txawm tias cov tsev nyob thiab vaj tse.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau London, cov qauv piv txwv ntawm British Architecture, nta lub ru tsev British niaj hnub no tsim los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv me me li 25 tons. Lub Chaw Ua Si Crystal Crystal, uas qhib hauv xyoo 1966, nta lub ru tsev wavy ua los ntawm 60 tons ntawm tooj liab. Txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias qhov nruab nrab ib xyoos ib zaug rau kev ua haujlwm tooj liab rau cov vaj tse nyob hauv lub teb chaws nyob hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees yog 0.8 Kilograms, thaum nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, nws yog 0.2 kilograms. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom hlau rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, xauv, kaw, tab sis kuj tau rov qab ua kom zoo nkauj, ua rau lawv nrhiav tau tom qab.
Thib peb, cov xwm txheej thiab khoom siv tes ua
Tsis muaj lwm cov hlau nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb yog raws li dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom siv liab, ua rau nws cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov txheej txheem txheej thaum ub. Niaj hnub no, nrum alloys tau siv dav hauv nroog tsim kho, suav nrog monastents, cov duab, cov mlom, thiab cov khoom cuav hauj lwm, thiab cov khoom cuav qub.
Cov twj paj nruag suab paj nruag niaj hnub, xws li cov nplaim hluav taws, yog ua los ntawm tooj liab dawb, thiab saxophones yog ua los ntawm tooj dag. Ntau yam kev ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws, nrog rau pheej yig kub {}}} plated thiab cov nyiaj kub, kuj tau siv cov nyiaj sib txawv ntawm cov sib txawv.
Tus Tian Tar Buddha hauv Hong Kong, ua tiav rau xyoo 1996, yog tsim los ntawm ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tin, zinc, thiab tooj daj, thiab ua quas bronze. Nws sawv ntsug 26 meters siab thiab hnyav 206 tons. Lub Nanhai Guanyin ntawm Putuo Roob hauv Zhejiang xeev, ua tiav rau xyoo 1997, sawv 20 metres 70 tons. Nws yog lub ntiaj teb thawj tus poj niam Bronze tsim kev tsim cov qog kub. Tom qab, 88 {- meter-siab bronze tus pej thuam ntawm Shakyamuni Buddue shakyamuni Buddue Buddemi tau ua tiav hauv Wuxi.
Thib plaub, Npib
Txij li peb cov poj koob yawm txwv siv npib rau kev ua lag luam, tooj liab thiab cov roj liab alloys tau siv los ua npib, ib qib kev lig dhau los ntawm ntau tiam neeg. Nrog rau kev txhim kho cov niaj hnub no yooj yim xws li them nyiaj siv tes, kev thauj mus los, thiab kav khw, tus nqi ntawm cov hlau siv tau ntau dua.
Ntxiv rau kev sib txawv ntawm cov nyiaj liab loj, cov xim sib txawv sib txawv thiab cov xim tuaj yeem siv tau yooj yim los tsim thiab paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kev sib txawv. Feem ntau siv npib suav nrog "nyiaj npib" muaj 25% xinc thiab 1% tin, thiab "tooj liab muaj me me ntawm tin (3%) thiab zinc (1.5%). Ntau lab tus tooj liab tooj liab tau noj thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo hauv kev tsim cov xov tooj liab. Tus Royal Mint hauv London ib leeg tsim 700 lab tooj liab npib txhua xyoo, xav tau txog 7,000 tons hlau.
Lub tuam txhab muaj pawg ntawm cov coj tooj liab ua ntau lawm cov kab hauv Suav teb, suav nrog:
German tau yog precision tooj liab raj ntau lawm kab (ib xyoos tawm ntawm 30,000 tons)
Japanese technology Tooj liab ntawv tuav kab (thinnest txog li 6μm)
Tsis Siv Neeg Siab Tooj Liab Bar Nruam Extrusion Kab
Cov Ntawv Ntse Copper thiab Sawb Fining Mill Chav Tsev
Digitalized kev tswj hwm thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntau lawm tau pom los ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom lag luam, thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem ncav cuag ± 0.01 hli.
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