Ceev tooj liab raj
Txog cov kav dej tooj liab: Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm tooj liab yog qhov ruaj khov thiab tsis yooj yim corroded. Lub zog ntawm cov kav dej tooj liab yog ntau dua li ntawm cov kav dej yas, thiab lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus siab heev; piv nrog cov kav hlau, cov kav dej tooj liab muaj qhov zoo toughness thiab yuav tsis tawg los yog tawg nyob rau hauv muaj zog te heave thiab cuam tshuam. Tooj liab muaj qhov siab melting point, thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev txawm tias qhov kub ntawm qhov nruab nrab kis tau siab txog 200 degree. Cov kav dej tooj liab muaj qhov zoo tiv thaiv permeability. Thaum siv, cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv nrog cov qauv ntom ntom uas tsis yaj los ntawm qhov nruab nrab tuaj yeem tsim rau ntawm nws qhov chaw. Txawm hais tias nws yog roj, carbohydrates, cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob, cov dej tsis zoo, cov pa oxygen lossis ultraviolet rays, lawv tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau nws thiab corrode cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa.
Cov qauv rau kev xam qhov hnyav ntawm cov kav dej tooj liab: tooj liab yog tooj liab ntshiab, uas yog xim liab-liab xim thiab tseem hu ua tooj liab. Qhov ceev ntawm cov tooj liab ntshiab yog 8.96g / cm3, thiab lub melting point yog 1083 degree. Qhov loj ntawm lub raj tooj liab yog xam raws li nram no: G=8.96πδ(D-δ)/1000
G: huab hwm coj kg δ: raj phab ntsa thickness mm D: raj txoj kab uas hla mm Anti-corrosion kev ua tau zoo ntawm tooj liab raj: tooj liab raj yuav tso tooj liab ions thaum dej ntws los ntawm lawv, uas muaj ib tug tej yam bactericidal nyhuv, xws li Legionella thiab Escherichia coli. Txawm li cas los xij, stainless hlau raj yuav tsis tua cov kab mob thaum dej ntws los ntawm lawv, vim tias dej nws tus kheej muaj cov kab mob me me. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv dej mus sij hawm ntev, cov kab mob yuav sib npaug hauv cov kav dej stainless hlau. Quality Assurance American Standard tooj liab raj thiab fittings muab cov neeg siv thoob ntiaj teb nrog rau 50- xyoo lav zoo. Vim tias American Standard tooj liab raj tau siv rau ib puas xyoo, tsis muaj teeb meem zoo nyob rau hauv 50 xyoo ntawm kev siv, thaum stainless hlau raj tsuas yog tsim rau ob peb xyoos. Stainless hlau raj tsis siv hauv tsev kho mob cov dej kub txhua. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tias cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob stainless hlau tsis paub tab thiab qhov zoo tsis tau raug pov thawj. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov raj tooj liab tau yog cov khoom siv yeeb nkab zoo tshaj plaws rau ntau lub tsev kho mob txij li Peking Union Medical College Tsev Kho Mob hauv xyoo 1920, vim tias cov raj tooj liab muaj kev ruaj ntseg ruaj ntseg thiab ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua lag luam. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov kav dej tooj liab tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv dej hauv tsev nyiam rau ntau tus tswv hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws vim lawv cov nqi tsim nyog, kev tsim kho yooj yim, kev siv lub cev zoo thiab keeb kwm ntev ntawm kev siv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau cov kav dej tshiab tawm, galvanized steel kav siv nyob rau hauv cov tsev nyob yav dhau los yog heev yooj yim rau xeb. Tom qab siv sijhawm luv luv, cov teeb meem xws li yellowing ntawm kais dej thiab txo cov dej ntws yuav tshwm sim. Qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav txo tau lawv lub zog sai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij tsis zoo thaum siv cov kav dej kub. Lub melting point ntawm tooj liab yog siab li 1083 degrees Celsius, thiab qhov kub ntawm cov dej kub system yog negligible rau tooj liab kav. Cov kws tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom cov kav dej tooj liab hnub rov qab 4,500 xyoo hauv Egyptian pyramids, uas tseem tuaj yeem siv niaj hnub no. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zej zog kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis tau tshawb pom nyob rau xyoo tas los no tias cov tshuaj ntxiv xws li phthalate tuaj yeem ua rau PVC softer, muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau lub raum, siab, thiab cov noob qes hauv tib neeg lub cev, ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, mob raum, ua kom puas. tib neeg lub cev ua haujlwm rov ua haujlwm, thiab cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob. Yog li nws pom zoo kom koj tsis txhob yuav nws. Tom qab siv PPR cov kav dej yas rau ib lub sij hawm, cov phab ntsa hauv cov yeeb nkab tau ua paug hnyav dua, uas yog qhov chaw yug me nyuam rau cov kab mob thiab Legionella, dhau los ua tus neeg tua neeg tshiab ntawm tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau lub neej. Nws tsis haum rau cov kav dej hauv tsev. Thaum PPR cov kav dej yas tau pib nce qib raws li cov kav dej hauv cov tsev neeg Suav hauv xyoo 2002, ib qho kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention qhia tias tag nrho cov kab mob hauv cov dej ntws tawm ntawm tsev neeg PPR cov kav dej kais dej yog suav tsis txheeb, thiab Legionella pneumophila hom 1 thiab hom 5 tau kuaj pom. Tus naj npawb tau poob siab, dhau ntawm cov kav dej galvanized uas tau txwv. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tuam haujlwm cuam tshuam txog dej zoo (tsis tau tshaj tawm) yog: ntau li 28 hom kab mob thiab 16 hom hlau, ntawm cov hlau, manganese, zinc, txhuas, thiab mercury tau dhau tus qauv tiag.
PPR cov kav dej yog qhov chaw yug me nyuam rau cov kab mob kom loj tuaj vim muaj av thiab muaj kuab paug. Kev lag luam kav dej tau coj cov qauv ntawm cov av ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm PPR cov kav dej tom qab lawv tau siv rau lub sijhawm. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim tau pom tias muaj cov kab mob daj daj uas muaj cov kab mob xws li bacilli, cocci, thiab cov kab mob zoo, cov kab mob hlau ntau, Escherichia coli, kab mob plab hnyuv, cov kab mob nyob hauv, Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, thiab tsawg kawg. 14 biotypes ntawm Pseudomonas putida. Txawm tias cov kab mob chlorine-resistant xws li Strandobacter, Bacillus, Lithospermum, thiab Chlorella tau pom. Qhov ntau ntawm cov kab mob heterotrophic, Escherichia coli, Actinomycetes, thiab fungi nyob rau hauv cov av nyob rau hauv lub puab phab ntsa ntawm cov yeeb nkab yog siab heev. Tongji University, Tsinghua University, Shanghai Dej purification Association, International Copper Association (Tuam Tshoj), Wuhan Institute of Virology, Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, thiab lwm yam tau tham txog qhov no. (Saib daim duab: Sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov kav dej PPR tom qab 3 lub hlis ntawm kev siv)
Nws yog qhov tsis pub leejtwg paub hauv kev lag luam pipeline uas PPR cov kav dej yas tsis haum rau cov kav dej hauv tsev. Yog vim li cas yog tias PPR raw cov ntaub ntawv yog pheej yig, yooj yim rau nruab, thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig. Hauv txawv teb chaws, PPR cov kav dej yas tsuas yog siv rau kev thauj mus los hauv dej lossis kev thauj mus los hauv dej, thiab yeej tsis siv hauv tsev neeg. Dab tsi yog qhov phem dua, qee cov neeg muag cov yeeb nkab yas PPR txawv teb chaws rau cov tsev neeg Suav ntawm tus nqi siab, thov tias lawv raug xa mus kom tau nyiaj. Txoj kev sib txuas ntawm cov kav dej tooj liab feem ntau yog muab faib ua ob pawg: kev sib txuas tshuab thiab kev sib txuas brazing. Mechanical kev twb kev txuas ntxiv muab faib ua ferrule hom, plug-in hom thiab crimping hom kev twb kev txuas.
Plug-in kev twb kev txuas
Plug-in txuas kuj yog ib txoj kev tsim kho yooj yim. Ntev npaum li lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm kev txiav yog ntsug thiab cov yeeb nkab tsis muaj burr yog ntxig rau hauv cov yeeb nkab haum rau hauv qab, txoj kev sib txuas no feem ntau yog nyob ntawm stainless hlau clamping nplhaib nyob rau hauv cov yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb haum rau fasten cov phab ntsa steel rau lub cov yeeb nkab haum, thiab siv "O" hom roj hmab nplhaib hauv cov yeeb nkab haum uas haum nruj nrog cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm cov yeeb nkab tooj liab los siv kev sib khi.
Crimp kev twb kev txuas yog ib txoj kev tsim kho ntau dua, thiab kev ua haujlwm kuj yooj yim dua, tab sis nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nruab ib lub tshuab crimping tshwj xeeb thiab ua tiav kom crimp cov yeeb nkab tooj liab thiab cov yeeb nkab haum rau hauv ib qho. Txoj kev sib txuas no siv lub nplhaib roj hmab hauv lub flange ntawm cov yeeb nkab haum rau kev sib khi.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm vuam kev sib txuas hauv cov kav dej tooj liab yog siv dav tshaj plaws. Lub vuam yog kom sov cov yeeb nkab tooj liab, tooj liab yeeb nkab qhov chaw thiab cov khoom siv tooj liab phosphorus qis los yog tin 钎 nrog cov tooj liab qis. Qhov tseem ceeb
