Lub "elastic ***" ntawm tooj liab alloys - beryllium tooj liab alloy
Beryllium yog ib qho hlau uas muaj kev txhawj xeeb loj rau cov tub rog loj hauv ntiaj teb. Tom qab ntau tshaj 50 xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ywj pheej, kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev lag luam beryllium tau pib ua tiav kev lag luam. Hauv kev lag luam beryllium, hlau beryllium yog siv tsawg tshaj plaws tab sis tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Nws muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws, aerospace, thiab lub zog nuclear. Nws yog cov khoom siv tswv yim thiab tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog lub ntiaj teb. Cov peev txheej; beryllium tooj liab alloy nrog kev siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab tag nrho cov lag luam ntim tau dav siv hauv kev lag luam. Tebchaws Asmeskas tau txwv kev txwv rau cov ntshiab beryllium thiab beryllium-tooj liab master alloys los ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Beryllium tooj liab alloy yog non-ferrous alloy elastic cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov khoom zoo heev. Nws yog hu ua "elastic ***" thiab muaj lub zog siab, siab hardness, corrosion kuj, hluav taws xob conductivity, siab thermal conductivity, qaug zog tsis kam, corrosion kuj, Nws muaj cov khoom zoo xws li me me elastic hysteresis, tsis muaj hlau nplaum, thiab tsis muaj sparks thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsiab daim ntawv thov ntawm beryllium yog beryllium tooj liab alloy. Nws kwv yees tias 65% ntawm beryllium nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm beryllium tooj liab alloy.
1. Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm txawv teb chaws beryllium kev lag luam
Tam sim no, tsuas yog Tebchaws Meskas, Kazakhstan thiab Tuam Tshoj tau ua tiav kev lag luam beryllium ntawm kev lag luam los ntawm beryllium ore mining, extraction metallurgy rau beryllium hlau thiab alloy ua. Cov nplai ntawm kev lag luam beryllium hauv Tebchaws Meskas yog qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb, sawv cev rau lub ntiaj teb beryllium ntau lawm technology. Nws muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam beryllium thiab yog nyob rau hauv ib tug thawj coj thiab ua txoj hauj lwm. Tebchaws Asmeskas tswj hwm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb beryllium kev lag luam los ntawm kev muab cov khoom siv beryllium raw khoom, cov khoom siv ib nrab ua tiav, thiab cov khoom kawg rau ntau cov khoom lag luam beryllium hauv ntiaj teb, suav nrog Tebchaws Meskas thiab txawv teb chaws. Nyiv yog txwv los ntawm qhov tsis muaj peev txheej ntawm beryllium ore thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua tiav kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv kev ua haujlwm theem nrab thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam beryllium thoob ntiaj teb.
Lub Tuam Txhab American Materion (yav tas los Brush Wellman) yog lub ntiaj teb nkaus xwb cov chaw tsim khoom muaj peev xwm tsim tau txhua yam khoom siv beryllium. Muaj ob lub koom haum loj. Ib lub tuam txhab tsim cov khoom siv beryllium alloy, beryllium tooj liab alloy daim hlau, strips, xov hlau, raj, rods, thiab lwm yam hauv kev lag luam; lwm qhov tsom mus rau cov ntawv thov kev ua haujlwm siab xws li kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws, thiab nws cov khoom tsim muaj xws li qib purity nuclear, qib qauv, thiab qib ntsuas. thiab cov ntaub ntawv kho qhov muag-qib beryllium, nrog rau cov nqi siab beryllium-aluminium alloys siv hauv kev siv aerospace. Nippon NGK Corporation yog lub ntiaj teb thib ob loj tshaj plaws beryllium tooj liab chaw tsim tshuaj paus, yav tas los hu ua NGK Hlau Corporation. Nws pib tsim beryllium tooj liab alloy nyob rau hauv 1958 thiab yog ib tug tag nrho cov koom tes ntawm Nippon Insulator Co., Ltd. (Nippon Gaishi). Xyoo 1986, Nippon Insulator Co., Ltd. tau yuav lub tuam txhab tooj liab beryllium ntawm American Cabot Company thiab hloov nws lub npe mus rau NGK Corporation, yog li tsim ib qho teeb meem los sib tw nrog American Materion Company nyob rau hauv daim teb ntawm beryllium tooj liab. Gengko Hlau yog lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws importer ntawm beryllium oxide (qhov tseem ceeb ntshuam yog Materion Company ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab Urba Metallurgical Cog ntawm Kazakhstan). Tam sim no muaj peev xwm tsim tau txhua xyoo ntawm NGK yog kwv yees ntau dua 6, 000 tons ntawm beryllium tooj liab. Lub Ulba Metallurgical Cog yog tib lub beryllium smelting thiab ua cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub qub Soviet Union thiab tam sim no belongs rau Kazakhstan. Ua ntej lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union, zus tau tej cov beryllium ntawm lub Ulba Metallurgical Cog yog heev tsis pub leejtwg paub thiab me ntsis tsis paub txog nws. Hauv 2000, Urba Metallurgical Plant tau txais $ 25 lab peev los ntawm Asmeskas tuam txhab Materion. Materion muab nyiaj txiag rau kev tsim beryllium hauv thawj ob xyoos ntawm Urba Metallurgical Plant, kho nws cov cuab yeej, thiab muab qee cov thev naus laus zis tshiab rov qab los. Urba Metallurgical Plant muab Materion nrog cov khoom siv beryllium, feem ntau suav nrog cov hlau beryllium ingots thiab beryllium tooj liab master alloy (lub sijhawm xa khoom yog txog 2012). Xyoo 2005, Urba Metallurgical Plant ua tiav txoj kev npaj peev tsib xyoos no. Lub peev xwm tsim tau txhua xyoo ntawm Urba Metallurgical Cog yog 170-190 tons ntawm beryllium cov khoom, thiab txhua xyoo muaj peev xwm ntawm beryllium tooj liab master alloy yog 3,{18}} tons. Lub peev xwm tsim khoom txhua xyoo ntawm cov khoom ncav cuag 1,000 tons. Urba Metallurgical Plant tau nqis peev hauv thiab tsim ib lub koom haum ua lag luam nyob hauv Shanghai, Tuam Tshoj: Urba Metallurgical Products (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ntshuam, xa tawm, rov xa tawm, thiab muag khoom ntawm lub tuam txhab beryllium khoom hauv Tuam Tshoj, East Asia, Southeast Asia thiab lwm thaj chaw. Tom qab xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, Wuzhong Metallurgical Products (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb heev beryllium tooj liab master alloy lwm tus neeg nyob hauv Suav teb, East Asia, thiab Southeast Asia. Hauv Suav teb loj, nws nyob ntau dua 70% ntawm kev lag luam sib koom ntawm nws qhov siab tshaj plaws.
2. Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam beryllium
Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam beryllium tau tsim ua tiav kev lag luam los ntawm ore mining, extraction thiab metallurgy mus rau beryllium hlau thiab alloy ua. Cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb tam sim no muab faib rau hauv kev lag luam beryllium cov saw muaj xws li: beryllium compounds, hlau beryllium, beryllium alloys, beryllium oxide ceramics thiab hlau beryllium-based composite cov ntaub ntawv. Cov lag luam loj suav nrog cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv xeev xws li Oriental Tantalum thiab Minmetals Beryllium, nrog rau cov lag luam me me. Hauv 2018, Tuam Tshoj tau tsim 50 tons ntawm beryllium ntshiab. Tebchaws Asmeskas tau txwv tsis pub cov hlau beryllium thiab beryllium tooj liab master alloy los ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws tab sis tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas siv hauv kev lag luam saw yog beryllium hlau. Hlau beryllium feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv lub teb chaws, aerospace, thiab cov kev pab tswv yim. Daim ntawv thov kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws yog nyob rau hauv cov phiaj xwm nuclear missiles. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem suav nrog satellite thav duab qhov chaw thiab cov qauv tsim, satellite iav, foob pob ua ntxaij nozzles, gyroscopes thiab navigation thiab riam phom tswj Cheebtsam, electronics ntim, cov ntaub ntawv kev sib txuas lus systems thiab high-power laser iav; nuclear-qib hlau beryllium kuj tseem siv Kev Tshawb Fawb / sim nuclear fission thiab fusion reactors. Kev siv loj tshaj plaws hauv cov saw hlau yog beryllium tooj liab alloy. Raws li kev txheeb cais, ntau tshaj 80% ntawm beryllium hydroxide yog siv los tsim beryllium tooj liab master alloy (beryllium ntsiab lus 4%). Tus tswv alloy yog diluted nrog ntshiab tooj liab los tsim beryllium-tooj liab alloys nrog ntau yam khoom nrog beryllium ntsiab lus ntawm 0.1 ~ 2%, suav nrog ntau hom beryllium-tooj liab alloy profiles (rods, strips, daim hlau, xov hlau, thiab kav). Kev lag luam tiav Cov profiles no yog siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam kev lag luam. Kev tsim cov beryllium-tooj liab alloy feem ntau muab faib ua ob ntu: sab sauv thiab qis. Cov dej ntws tawm yog ore mining, extraction thiab smelting rau hauv beryllium-muaj beryllium-tooj liab master alloy (cov ntsiab lus beryllium feem ntau yog 4%); lub downstream yog siv cov beryllium-tooj liab master alloy ua ib qho ntxiv, ntxiv tooj liab Nws yog ntxiv smelted thiab ua tiav rau hauv beryllium tooj liab alloy profiles (tubes, strips, rods, xov hlau, daim hlau, thiab lwm yam). Txhua yam khoom siv hlau yuav raug faib ua qib sib txawv vim kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
2. Cov ntsiab lus
Hauv kev lag luam beryllium tooj liab master alloy kev lag luam, muaj peev xwm ntau lawm yog concentrated nyob rau hauv ob peb lub tuam txhab, nrog rau lub tebchaws United States tuav ib tug tseem ceeb txoj hauj lwm. Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov khoom ntawm beryllium tooj liab alloy yog qhov siab, thiab tag nrho kev lag luam yog cov concentrated. Txhua subdivided hom lossis qeb tsuas muaj ob peb tus neeg muag khoom, lossis ib lub khw muag khoom loj. Vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov peev txheej thiab tsis muaj thev naus laus zis, Materion ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nyiv lub NGK thiab Kazakhstan lub Urbajin Metallurgical Cog kuj muaj lub zog muaj zog, thiab cov lag luam hauv tsev tau poob qis. Hauv kev lag luam beryllium tooj liab alloy profile, cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev yog tsom rau hauv nruab nrab-rau-kawg-kawg, thiab muaj kev hloov pauv loj thiab tus nqi chaw nyob hauv nruab nrab-rau-siab-kawg lag luam. Txawm hais tias nws yog beryllium tooj liab master alloy lossis beryllium tooj liab alloy profiles, cov tuam txhab hauv tsev tseem nyob rau theem ntes. Lawv cov khoom yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-rau-kawg-kawg lag luam, thiab tus nqi feem ntau yog ib nrab lossis txawm tias qis dua cov khoom ntawm Asmeskas thiab Nyij Pooj. Yog vim li cas tseem txwv los ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm smelting technology thiab txheej txheem. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov no txhais tau hais tias thaum kev tsim khoom hauv tsev thiab cov nqi tsim khoom tsawg tsawg, yog tias qee yam beryllium tooj liab smelting tshuab yog mastered lossis kev koom ua ke, cov khoom yuav tsum nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam nruab nrab nrog tus nqi kom zoo dua. High-purity beryllium (99.99%) thiab beryllium-tooj liab master alloy yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas Tebchaws Meskas txwv tsis pub xa tawm mus rau Tuam Tshoj.
