Lub luag haujlwm dab tsi ua ntau yam ntsiab lus ua si hauv tooj dag alloys?
Cov hlau tseem ceeb ntawm tooj dag alloy yog tooj liab thiab zinc. Ntxiv nrog rau tooj liab thiab zinc, qhov tsim nyog ntxiv ntawm lwm yam tseem tuaj yeem hloov lossis txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm tooj dag. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev sib ntxiv ntau dhau ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus tseem tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm tooj dag. Vim yog cov yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus, lawv tuaj yeem insoluble nyob rau hauv tooj liab, me ntsis soluble, soluble loj, infinitely soluble, thiab lawv solubility poob sharply nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias, thiab muaj complex theem hloov nyob rau hauv cov khoom theem. Yog li ntawd, cov teebmeem ntawm tooj liab sib txawv heev. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm txhua lub ntsiab lus hauv tooj liab alloy yog qhia cais.
Hlau Fe
1. Kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau hauv cov khoom tooj liab yog qhov tsawg heev, thiab nws tau muab faib rau hauv matrix raws li cov hlau nplua nuj theem hais, uas muaj cov nyhuv ntawm refining nplej. H60 tooj dag ntxiv 0.3% ~0.6, uas muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov nplej, tab sis cov ntsiab lus hlau ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nplaum yuav tsum tsawg dua 0.3%.
2. Cov hlau tsis huv tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm tooj dag.
Lead Pb Bismuth Bi
1. Lead thiab bismuth yog cov teeb meem impurities hauv cov tooj dag, thiab bismuth muaj teeb meem ntau dua cov hlau lead. 2. Cov hmoov txhuas muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub fusible eutectic nyob rau hauv grain ciam teb. Yog tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau lead ntau dua 0.03%, kub brittleness yuav tshwm sim, thiab yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm txias. Lead tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm duplex tooj dag, thiab nws cov ntsiab lus tso cai tuaj yeem siab dua me ntsis. 3. Bismuth tau muab faib rau ntawm cov ciam teb hauv tooj dag ua cov yeeb yaj kiab txuas ntxiv, ua cov tooj dag nkig thaum ua haujlwm txias thiab kub. 4. Yog hais tias qhov txias-dov tooj dag uas muaj cov hmoov txhuas thiab bismuth ntau tshaj qhov kev tso cai yog rhuab ceev heev thaum lub sij hawm annealing, "hluav taws kub tawg" los yog bursting tam sim ntawd. 5. Ntxiv ib qho me me ntawm zirconium thiab lwm yam khoom rau tooj dag uas muaj cov hlau lead thiab bismuth los ua cov ntsiab lus siab melting point yuav tshem tawm lawv cov kev phom sij.
Phosphorus P
1. Cov khoom solubility ntawm phosphorus hauv tooj liab yog tsawg heev. Ib qho me me ntawm phosphorus muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov nplej thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm tooj dag. Thaum cov ntsiab lus phosphorus hauv tooj dag ntau dua 0.05%, nkig theem Cu3P yuav tsim, txo cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm tooj dag. 2. Phosphorus ho nce qhov kub ntawm recrystallization ntawm tooj dag, ua rau cov nplej recrystallized tsis sib npaug.
Antimony Sb
1. Lub solubility ntawm antimony nyob rau hauv tooj liab txo sharply nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum nws cov ntsiab lus tsawg dua 0.1%, Cu2Sb yuav raug tsim, uas tau muab faib rau hauv cov qoob loo ciam teb hauv ib lub network, uas txo qis kev ua haujlwm txias ntawm tooj dag. 2. Antimony kuj ua rau tooj liab alloys kub brittle. 3. Ntxiv cov kab lithium rau tooj dag tuaj yeem tsim lub siab melting point compound Li3Sb, uas yog sib npaug ntawm cov nplej hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom zoo, yog li tshem tawm cov teebmeem ntawm antimony. 4. Txij li thaum antimony muaj ib tug siab solubility nyob rau hauv tooj liab nyob rau hauv lub kub kub, cov khoom siv kev kho mob muaj peev xwm txhim kho lub txias ua hauj lwm zoo ntawm antimony-muaj tooj dag.
Tin Sn
1. Nws tuaj yeem yaj hauv ib qho me me hauv theem thiab (+) tooj dag, inhibiting dezincification, txhim kho corrosion kuj ntawm cov khoom, thiab txhim kho hnav tsis kam, tab sis Sn tuaj yeem ua rau rov qab sib cais ntawm ingots.
Manganese Mn
1. Nws muaj lub siab solubility hauv tooj dag, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog thiab hardness ntawm tooj dag;
2. High manganese tooj dag tuaj yeem quenched thiab laus los txhim kho nws lub zog thiab hardness.
Aluminium Al
1. Aluminium ho txo qhov chaw ntawm tooj dag. Thaum cov ntsiab lus aluminium nce, theem yuav tshwm sim. Txawm hais tias nws muaj peev xwm ua kom lub hardness, nws zoo heev txo cov plasticity ntawm cov hlau;
2. Ua kom lub cev muaj zog ntawm tooj dag.
