Copper tsis hnov mob nrog dej, tab sis reacts maj mam nrog oxygen nyob rau hauv cov huab cua los ua ib tug brownish txheej ntawm tooj liab oxide, tab sis tsis zoo li hlau uas ua xeb thaum raug huab cua ntub, patina tiv thaiv cov tooj liab hauv qab los ntawm corrosion ntxiv. Ib txheej ntawm patina (alkaline tooj liab carbonate) feem ntau tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov tuam tsev tooj liab xws li Pej thuam ntawm Liberty [11] tooj liab poob nws cov luster thaum raug leej faj vim yog tsim ntawm ntau yam sulfides. [12] Lub xeev oxidation ntawm tooj liab yog 0, +1, +2, +3 thiab +4, ntawm uas +1 thiab {{8} }} yog cov xeev oxidation. Lub +3 oxidation lub xeev yog poov tshuaj hexafluorocopper (III) acid, lub {{10}}} oxidation xeev yog cesium hexafluorocopper (IV) acid, thiab lub 0 oxidation xeev ntawm Cu(CO)2 yuav ua tau. kuaj pom los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv roj-theem ua raws li matrix cais tawm [13] .
Tooj yog raug rau corrosion los ntawm halogens, kev sib nrig sib halides, sulfur, thiab selenium, thiab vulcanized roj hmab tuaj yeem dub tooj liab. Tooj liab tsis hnov mob nrog nitrogen tetroxide nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm nitromethane, acetonitrile, ether los yog ethyl acetate, tooj liab nitrate yog tsim:
Cu + 2 N 2 O 4 → Cu(NO 3 ) 2 + 2 NO
tooj liab hlau yog soluble nyob rau hauv oxidizing acids xws li nitric acid, thiab insoluble nyob rau hauv non-oxidizing acids yog hais tias tsis muaj oxidizing tus neeg saib xyuas los yog haum coordination reagent muaj, xws li:
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tooj liab thiab nitric acid yog raws li nram no:
3 Cu + 8 HNO 3 (dilute) → 3 Cu(NO 3) 2 + 2 NO↑ + 4 H 2 O
Cu + 4 HNO 3 (concentrated) → Cu(NO 3) 2 + 2 NO 2 ↑ + 2 H 2 O
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog concentrated sulfuric acid yog:
Cu + 2 H 2 SO 4 (concentrated) → CuSO 4 + SO 2 ↑ + 2 H 2 O
Cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog concentrated sulfuric acid kuj yog qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sulfuric acid maj mam diluted kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nres. Tooj liab tsis hnov mob nrog dilute sulfuric acid, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm oxygen, nws reacts raws li cov nram qab no mis:
2 Cu + O 2 + 2 H 2 SO 4 - Δ → 2 CuSO 4 + 2 H 2 O
Tooj liab yog soluble hauv chloric acid lossis acidified chlorates:
3 Cu + 6 H + + ClO 3 - → 3 Cu 2+ + Cl - + 3 H 2 O
Kev sib koom tes tshwm sim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm thiourea:
2 Cu + 6 S=C(NH 2 ) 2 +2 HCl → 2Cu (I) (S=C(NH 2 ) 2 ) 3 Cl + H 2 [14 ]
React nrog concentrated hydrochloric acid los ua ib qho complex: [15]
2 Cu + 8 HCl (concentrated) → 2 H 3 [CuCl 4] + H 2 ↑
Copper reacts nrog high-Tc acid radical ions nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob, txo cov high-Tc acid radical ions rau monomeric Tc:
7 Cu + 2 TcO 4 - + 16 H + → 2 Tc + 7 Cu 2+ + 8 H 2 O [16].
Copper thiab ferrous sulfide tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm cua sov:
2 Cu + FeS → Cu 2 S + Fe
Tooj liab tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog sulfur trioxide thaum rhuab, thiab muaj ob lub ntsiab lus:
4 Cu + SO 3 → CuS + 3 CuO
Cu + SO3 → CuO + SO 2
Copper ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov huab cua qhuav thiab khaws nws cov luster hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv huab cua ntub, qhov saum npoo yuav tsim ib txheej ntawm tooj liab ntsuab (alkaline tooj liab carbonate, molecular mis: Cu 2 (OH) 2 CO 3), los tiv thaiv cov txheej hauv tooj liab tsis muaj oxidized. Reaction sib npaug:
2 Cu + O 2 + CO 2 + H 2 O → Cu 2 (OH) 2 CO 3
Txawm koj xav taucov kav dej tooj liab, tooj liab rods ,tooj liab daim hlau, peb muaj cov khoom thiab kev txawj ntse kom tau raws li koj xav tau.
