Kev sib tham txog kev tsim cov cuab yeej siv dawb tooj liab alloy yeeb nkab casting thiab dov txoj kev
Kev tsis txaus ntawm cov dej tshiab thoob ntiaj teb tau dhau los ua kev txhawj xeeb loj zuj zus. Raws li ib qho chaw qhib kev siv thev naus laus zis ntxiv rau cov peev txheej dej, desalination tau dhau los ua ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los daws cov teeb meem dej thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm hais tias kuv lub teb chaws cov dej hiav txwv desalination kev lag luam pib lig, nws tau tsim sai heev thiab tau nce los ua kev lag luam nrov. Nws tau raug suav nrog hauv lub teb chaws "Cov Lus Qhia rau Cov Ntsiab Cai High-Tech Industrialization Fields ntawm Kev Txhim Kho Ua Ntej Tam Sim No" [1], thiab tau suav nrog hauv "Kev Npaj Tshwj Xeeb rau Kev Siv Dej Hiav Txwv", "National Marine Development Plan Outline", "Overal Cov kev xav ntawm Lub Xeev Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm nrawm ntawm Kev Txhim Kho Kev Lag Luam" thiab lwm lub teb chaws nruab nrab thiab ntev cov phiaj xwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv tau txais kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam los ntawm cov kev lag luam hauv teb chaws los txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kuv lub teb chaws seawater desalination kev lag luam. Nws tau ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev txhawb nqa txoj kev loj hlob mus rau yav tom ntej, ua tiav kev siv cov peev txheej dej kom ruaj khov, thiab ua kom muaj kev loj hlob ruaj khov ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam thiab tib neeg.
Dawb tooj liab raj muaj thermal conductivity zoo thiab corrosion kuj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis kam mus rau seawater cuam tshuam corrosion. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau dav siv los ua condenser raj rau cov cua kub sib txawv hauv seawater desalination, ships, nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag thiab lwm yam teb. BFe10-1-1 yog npaj dawb tooj liab condenser raj yog ib qho ntawm cov qib alloy feem ntau siv. Tam sim no, BFe10-1-1 cov kav dej cupronickel hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem extrusion ib txwm, tab sis vim tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig thiab qhov hnyav me me ntawm ib cov yeeb nkab, lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam. Cov txheej txheem casting thiab dov yog txheej txheem ntau lawm tooj liab raj thiab tau ua tiav zoo hauv kev tsim cov raj tooj liab rau tub yees thiab cua txias. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem no tau ua tiav hauv kev tsim cov B5 zoo tib yam dawb tooj liab hlab, thiab tau ua tiav kev sim hauv kev tsim cov BFe10-1-1 raj. Daim ntawv thov ntawm casting thiab dov txoj kev los tsim cov tooj liab dawb tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog kov yeej qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov txheej txheem extrusion ib txwm muaj xws li kev ua haujlwm qis, kev nqis peev loj, tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab qhov hnyav me me, tab sis kuj pab txhawb kev tsim cov tubular ntev ntev. Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers rau high-power, loj-muaj peev xwm fais fab nroj tsuag thiab nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag. Cov kav dej, yog li ntawd, kev siv cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no tshaj tawm cov txheej txheem casting thiab dov yog txoj kev txhim kho hauv kev tsim cov kav dej cupronickel alloy.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev casting thiab dov txoj kev yog: raw cov ntaub ntawv - kab rov tav nruam casting - straightening thiab milling - 3-roller planetary dov - kab rov tav winding - cam ua ke daim duab - inverted disc stretching - straightening thiab sawing - kaj annealing - Kos lub ntim - cov khoom tiav.
Kab rov tav nruam nruam ntawm cov raj khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob, 3-rolling planetary dov yog ob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem casting thiab dov ntau lawm. Cov teeb meem kev ua haujlwm feem ntau yog tshwm sim hauv ob yam hauv qab no: (1) BFe10-1-1 alloy muaj qhov kub siab melting point thiab tsis zoo fluidity ntawm molten hlau. , yuav siv li cas kab rov tav nruam casting los npaj tsim nyog BFe 10-1-1 hollow raj blanks; (2) 3- yob planetary dov txheej txheem yog txheej txheem deformation nyuaj nrog kev thauj khoom hauv zos. Lub zog siab ntawm BFe10-1-1 alloy yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub ntiaj teb dov. txheej txheem thiab cov khoom yuav tsum tau. Los ntawm kev txiav txim siab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsim nyog, nws tsis yog tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom tau txais BFe10-1-1 cov hlab ntsha cupronickel nrog lub ntsej muag ci thiab tsim nyog, ua kom muaj kev vam meej ntawm kev tsim khoom, tab sis kuj ua rau kev txhim kho kev tsim thiab kev nqis peev ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim khoom. .
Kab lus no feem ntau yuav tshuaj xyuas thiab sib tham txog kev tsim cov BFe10-1-1 cov raj cupronickel los ntawm txoj kev casting thiab dov los ntawm ob txheej txheem ntawm kab rov tav nruam casting thiab planetary dov.
1. Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev sib tham ntawm kab rov tav nruam casting txheej txheem
Kab rov tav nruam casting yog thawj txheej txheem los siv txoj kev casting thiab dov. Qhov zoo ntawm kab rov tav nruam casting tube blanks ncaj qha txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm cov tiav alloy raj. Daim duab 1 yog daim duab schematic ntawm kab rov tav nruam casting hollow raj blanks. Thaum lub sij hawm kab rov tav nruam casting, cov hlau yog melted nyob rau hauv lub melting rauv thiab cia sov nyob rau hauv lub tuav lub cub tawg. Thaum lub pouring kub mus txog, lub tshuab nqus tsev casting yog pib. Cov hlau molten nkag mus rau hauv graphite pwm los ntawm cov kua inlet, solidifies thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov dej-txias tooj liab tes tsho, thiab lub raj dawb paug los ntawm lub crystallizer. Tom qab ntawd ncaj qha txau dej kom txias. Nyob rau hauv kab rov tav nruam casting txheej txheem, lub casting kub thiab billet drawing system muaj ib qho tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm lub raj dawb paug.
1.1 Cov nyhuv ntawm casting kub
Thaum lub sij hawm kab rov tav nruam casting txheej txheem ntawm BFe 10-1-1 cupronickel tube billet, tom qab cov hlau molten nkag mus rau hauv crystallizer, nws pib solidify nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm dej txias los ua ib tug billet plhaub. Raws li qhov kub thiab txias, lub plhaub condensation pib ntsws. Vim tias cov txheej txheej sab nrauv ntawm lub plhaub condensation muaj qhov kub thiab txias thiab qhov loj me, thaum cov txheej sab hauv muaj qhov kub thiab txias me me, muaj kev ntxhov siab sab hauv hauv lub plhaub condensation. Thaum qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv loj dhau lawm, nws yooj yim los tsim cov kab nrib pleb. . Internal stress ntawm casting tuaj yeem tau txais raws li cov qauv hauv qab no:
F=E·λ·△T［3］ Hauv cov qauv, F yog qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv ntawm cov cam khwb cia, MPa; E yog lub elastic modulus, MPa; λ yog linear shrinkage coefficient, 10-6/K; ΔT yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub plhaub solidified. Qhov kub ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm, K. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov qauv saum toj no uas thaum cov khoom siv tas li, qhov loj ntawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv hauv cov casting yog proportional rau qhov kub ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm condensation plhaub. Txo qhov kub ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lub plhaub condensation tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv hauv lub plhaub condensation, yog li inhibiting qhov tsim ntawm cov kab nrib pleb.
Thaum lub casting kub siab dhau lawm, sab hauv ntawm lub plhaub condensation txias maj mam thiab tseem tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias, thaum sab nraud txias sai. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab nkag mus rau qhov chaw txias txias thib ob, qhov kub ntawm sab nrauv ntawm lub plhaub condensation poob qis heev nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov dej txias ncaj qha, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj sab hauv thiab sab nraud rau lub plhaub condensation. Yog tias qhov kub sib txawv loj dhau lawm, nws yooj yim los tsim cov kab nrib pleb txias.
Yog li ntawd, qhov qis-kub casting yuav tsum tau txais ntau li ntau tau thaum lub sij hawm kab rov tav nruam casting. Yog lawm, nws tsis yog qhov qis dua qhov kub ntawm qhov casting, qhov zoo dua, vim tias qhov kub ntawm qhov casting tsawg dhau, qhov viscosity ntawm cov hlau molten nce, thiab cov fluidity txo, ua rau nws nyuaj rau tag nrho cov graphite pwm, thiab txias cais. qhov tsis xws luag yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub raj khoob. Yog li ntawd, qhov tsim nyog xaiv ntawm casting kub muaj ib qho tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm kab rov tav nruam casting raj blanks. Raws li cov kev paub dhau los, qhov ntsuas kub yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm 1230 degree thiab 1250 degree.
1.2 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm billet drawing system
1.2.1 Xaiv cov duab kos duab
Feem ntau siv cov duab kos duab hauv kab rov tav nruam casting suav nrog cov hauv qab no: (1) Pull-stop-push-stop hom; (2) Pull-push hom; (3) Pull-push-stop-push hom. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm billet daim duab hom muaj feem xyuam rau lub zog ntawm lub alloy. Cupronickel alloy yuav tsum tau txais kev kos duab kos duab ntawm rub-stop-push-stop.
. Qhov kev kos duab billet no muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no: (1) Muaj lub sijhawm ncua tom qab kos duab, kom cov hlau molten nyob rau hauv crystallizer muaj sijhawm txaus kom txias thiab khov, yog li thickening lub plhaub billet thiab txhim kho nws lub zog;
(2) Lub sij hawm thawb rov qab tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau qhov txias txias ntawm lub billet hauv lub sijhawm, weld kub tawg, thiab xyuas kom zoo ntawm cov billet. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm kev thawb rov qab tuaj yeem ua rau lub plhaub pob zeb thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev ua raws li cov phab ntsa crystallizer. Txo cov duab tsis kam.
1.2.2 Influence ntawm dawb paug casting ceev
Kev nrawm ntawm daim duab kos duab yog qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov xim dawb tooj liab billet. Thaum lwm cov txheej txheem casting tsis raug txiav txim siab, qhov nrawm nrawm dua, qhov tob ntawm cov kua kab noj hniav hauv crystallizer. Qhov kub ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm cov kua kab noj hniav thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub casting slab nce, thiab cov casting thermal stress kuj nce, uas ua rau muaj kev nce hauv kev nyiam kub tawg. loj. Yog li ntawd, qhov ceev nrooj yuav tsum raug txo kom tsim nyog thaum lub sij hawm txoj kab rov tav nruam casting, thiab qhov ceev nrooj yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 330 ~ 350mm / min. Thaum lub billet casting ceev yog txiav txim siab, txais yuav ib tug billet casting system nrog high zaus thiab me me kos ntev yuav pab txo tau lub starter kuj thiab tau ib tug slab nrog du nto thiab tsis muaj kab nrib pleb.
2. Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev sib tham ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub ntiaj teb dov
Lub hauv paus ntawm lub tshuab casting thiab dov yog planetary dov. Los ntawm kev siv cov deformation loj, cov hmoov nplej ntawm lub raj khoob tau tawg tag nrho, yog li lub raj dov tsis muaj cov hmoov nplej zoo thiab zoo ib yam, thiab sab hauv thiab sab nrauv yog ci thiab tsis muaj oxidized, muab lub hauv paus zoo rau cov txheej txheem tom ntej. . High quality tube blanks.
2.1 Kev txiav txim siab ntawm dov kub
Daim duab 2 qhia qhov hloov nkhaus ntawm qhov kub thiab txias txhua yam khoom ntawm BFe10-1-1 dawb tooj liab raj. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm qhov nkhaus hauv daim duab 2 tias BFe 10-1-1 dawb tooj liab raj dawb muaj cov yas zoo ntawm chav tsev kub. Raws li qhov kub thiab txias, lub zog tensile thiab elongation ntawm lub raj dawb paug qhia ib qho kev poob qis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 600 degree. , lub elongation thiab cheeb tsam shrinkage txo sai heev; Raws li qhov kub thiab txias tseem nce ntxiv, qhov elongation thiab cheeb tsam shrinkage pib nce, thaum lub zog tensile tseem txo qis, qhia tias nyob ib ncig ntawm 600 degree, lub plasticity ntawm BFe10 - 1 - 1 dawb tooj liab raj dawb* ** txawv. Yog li ntawd, thaum dov BFe10-1-1 dawb tooj liab tube billet, qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum raug zam, thiab qhov kub qis lossis kub yuav tsum raug xaiv rau dov.
Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias raug xaiv rau dov, qhov deformation tsis kam ntawm lub raj tsis muaj qhov me me thiab qhov yuav tsum tau muaj lub zog dov me me, tab sis lub raj tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom sov rau qhov kub siab dua, uas siv ntau lub zog thiab poob lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub ntiaj teb. dov (qhov zoo ntawm planetary dov) Nws yog dov ntawm chav tsev kub thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav recrystallization tiav). Thaum lub sij hawm kub kub dov, txawm hais tias lub raj dawb paug muaj siab deformation tsis kam thiab yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov dov zeb thiab pwm, kev sib txhuam kub thiab cov yas deformation tshav kub tsim thaum lub sij hawm dov txheej txheem sai li sai tau qhov kub ntawm lub raj dawb paug mus txog 850 degree. , ua tiav Lub raj dawb paug yog recrystallized kiag li, uas ua rau kom qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab muab kev ua si tag nrho rau qhov zoo ntawm planetary dov. Yog li ntawd, qhov kub qis qis yuav tsum tau siv rau BFe10-1-1 planetary dov.
2.2 Xaiv lub kaum sab xis deflection
Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 3, lub 3- yob planetary dov zeb yob muaj ib lub kaum ntse ntse thiab deflection kaum. Lub kaum sab xis muab radial siab rau daim dov, ua rau radial compression deformation ntawm daim dov, thaum lub deflection lub kaum sab xis muab axial siab rau cov dov daim. Lub zog rau pem hauv ntej ua rau cov khoom dov mus rau pem hauv ntej.
Thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, peb yuav tsum xub xyuas kom meej qhov tsim nyog txo ntawm lub raj dawb paug, uas yog, ua ntej txiav txim siab lub inclination lub kaum sab xis, thiab ces kho lub inclination lub kaum sab xis kom lub dov ceev ntau tsim nyog. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ntiaj teb dov zeb feem ntau yog xaiv los ntawm 50 degree mus rau 55 degree, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kom txo qis qhov dov thiab nqa tawm loj deformation dov thiab nyias tube billet dov. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub yob yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv 3- yob planetary dov txheej txheem. Nws yuav cuam tshuam rau lub zog dov ntawm lub yob thiab qhov tawm ceev ntawm cov dov daim.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm geometric, nce lub deflection lub kaum sab xis yuav ua rau kom qhov nrawm nrawm ntawm cov khoom dov, yog li qhov kev tawm ntawm qhov dov tawm yuav nce ntxiv, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tsim khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov loj dua lub kaum sab xis deflection, qhov zoo dua. Vim tias qhov ua kom lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub kaum sab xis nce qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm cov yob thiab cov khoom dov, qhov kev sib txhuam nce, thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov yob nce. Qhov no tso cov kev xav tau siab dua ntawm cov qauv thiab kev thauj khoom ntawm cov dov zeb, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev lag luam nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, tswj lub deflection lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub yob nyob rau hauv ib tug tsim nyog ntau yam yuav xyuas kom meej qhov tsim nyog tawm ceev ntawm lub dov daim tsis ua rau lub dov quab yuam siab heev. Raws li cov kev paub dhau los, lub yob deflection lub kaum sab xis yog teem rau qhov tsim nyog ntawm 7 degree txog 8 degree.
3. Cov lus xaus
Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub rooj sib tham cov kev xav tau ntau lawm, kev xaiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kab rov tav nruam casting thiab planetary dov tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom zoo BFe 10-1-1 dawb tooj liab raj blanks nrog ci thiab tsis-oxidized sab hauv thiab sab nraud qhov chaw uas ua tau raws li nram no. cov kev cai ua.
(1) Qhov ntsuas kub tsim nyog rau kab rov tav nruam casting ntawm BFe 10-1-1 dawb tooj liab raj billet yog 1230 degree ~ 1250 degree;
(2) Kab rov tav nruam casting hom ntawm BFe10 - 1 - 1 dawb tooj liab raj billet yuav tsum tau txais kev rub-stop-push-stop hom, thiab qhov nruam nrawm yuav tsum tswj ntawm 330 ~ 350mm / min; Tom qab qhov kev txiav txim siab ceev ceev, siv siab Lub billet casting system uas tsis tshua muaj zaus thiab me me kos ntev yog qhov tsim nyog los txo qhov pib tsis kam thiab tau txais ib lub slab nrog du nto thiab tsis muaj kab nrib pleb;
(3) BFe10 - 1 - 1 Lub plasticity ntawm cupronickel raj blanks yog qhov phem tshaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 600 degree . Qhov ntsuas kub no yuav tsum tau zam thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb dov. Txhawm rau muab kev ua si tag nrho rau qhov zoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb dov thiab txuag lub zog thiab txo kev siv, BFe10 - 1 - 1
Tsawg kub dov yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv planetary dov;
(4) Thaum lub sij hawm BFe10-1-1 planetary dov, lub inclination lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub dov zeb yuav tsum yog 50 degree mus rau 55 degree, thiab lub deflection lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub yob yuav tsum tau tswj rau 7 degree mus rau 8 degree.
