Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntshiab tooj liab thiab tooj liab oxide
Ntshiab tooj liab (Cu) yog xim liab los yog ntshav, thiab tooj liab oxide yog dub. Ib qho yog cov hlau thiab lwm qhov yog oxide.
Kev txheeb xyuas tus kheej
Siv ib qho me me ntawm cov qauv thiab muab tso rau hauv ob lub raj xa dej kom qhuav thiab huv si. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm dilute sulfuric acid rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov tshuaj maj mam hloov los ntawm tsis muaj xim mus rau xiav. Cov khoom maj mam yaj yog tooj liab oxide, thiab qhov tsis tshwm sim yog tooj liab;
Siv ib qho me me ntawm cov qauv thiab muab tso rau hauv ob lub raj xa dej kom qhuav thiab huv si. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov nyiaj nitrate tov rau cov hlab ntsha. Cov khoom siv nyiaj-dawb uas los nag thiab cov tshuaj hloov pauv los ntawm tsis muaj xim mus rau xiav yog tooj liab, thiab qhov tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim yog tooj liab oxide. .
Copper oxide yog alkaline oxide thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub. Raws li txoj cai no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tooj liab oxide thiab sulfuric acid tuaj yeem siv tau
CuO+H₂SO₄====CuSO₄+H₂0
Cov oxides tseem ceeb kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub oxides. Siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tooj liab oxide thiab sulfur trioxide:
CuO+SO₃====CuSO₄
Txoj kev sulfuric acid
Cov hmoov tooj liab yog ci ntawm 600 txog 700 degree, oxidized rau hauv tooj liab oxide, thiab ces decomposed thiab clarified los ntawm sulfuric acid kom tshem tawm insoluble impurities. Tom qab txias, crystallization, pom, thiab ziab, cov khoom tiav tooj liab sulfate tau txais;
Electrolyte rov qab txoj kev
Cov khib nyiab electrolyte (muaj Cu50 ~ 60g / L, H2SO4180 ~ 200g / L) reacts nrog cov av nkos tooj liab los ua cov hmoov tooj liab zoo. Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov kua yog sib cais thiab nyob, cov kua ntshiab yog txias, crystallized, sib cais, thiab qhuav kom tau sulfuric acid. cov khoom siv tooj liab tiav;
chemical concentration crystallization txoj kev
Siv cov tooj liab oxide ore qis qis, tsoo nws mus rau qee qhov me me, ntxiv sulfuric acid rau impregnate nws, ntxiv cov tooj liab-soluble hlau precipitating tus neeg sawv cev, thiab tau txais cov tooj liab sulfate tov nrog tooj liab-rau-hlau piv ntau dua 100. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov tshuaj ua kom pom tseeb thiab ntws tawm 70% mus rau 90% ntawm cov tshuaj tooj liab sulfate. Cov dej yog evaporated, txias thiab crystallized, sib cais thiab cua qhuav kom tau cov tooj liab sulfate tiav;
Muab tooj liab sulfate pentahydrate tso rau hauv lub lauj kaub tais diav, ua kom sov rau ntawm cov xuab zeb da dej hauv qhov chaw uas muaj cua zoo, thiab qhov kub yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 220 degrees. Do tas li kom txog thaum tag nrho cov xim xiav ploj. Sib tov cov hmoov dawb uas tau txais zoo (yog tias cov khoom tig tawm-dawb, nws qhia tias muaj cua sov ntau dhau) kom tau txais cov tooj liab sulfate anhydrous;
Recycling Act
Cov tooj liab compound precipitate (tseem hu ua tooj liab paug) nyob rau hauv tooj liab ammonia acetate tov nyob rau hauv lub tooj liab ntxuav ntauwd thaum recovering cov ammonia raw khoom roj ntawm nitrogen fertilizer cog yog roasted ntawm 700 degree thiab oxidized rau tooj liab oxide thiab ces reacts nrog sulfuric acid rau. tsim tooj liab sulfate.
