Peb yuav tsum xyuam xim rau dab tsi thaum vuam cov kav hlau? Piav los ntawm kev xaiv ntawm solder, vuam kev ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam.
1 Kev Taw Qhia
Lub tshuab tub yees hauv tub yees thiab cua txias feem ntau siv cov khoom siv hlau tsis muaj hlau xws li tooj liab thiab txhuas. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim, installation thiab txij nkawm txheej txheem, yeeb nkab vuam yog ib qho tseem ceeb txuas. Nws tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau cov tsos, tab sis tseem ceeb tshaj, cuam tshuam seb lub kaw lus puas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov teeb meem teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum tau ua tiag tiag.
2. Kev xaiv ntawm solder
Feem ntau ntawm cov yeeb nkab fittings ntawm lub tub yees thiab cua txias yog ua los ntawm tooj liab (xim liab) kav. Feem ntau siv solder hom muaj xws li tooj liab-phosphorus solder, nyiaj-tooj liab solder, tooj liab-zinc solder, thiab lwm yam. Thaum vuam, peb yuav tsum xaiv cov solder kom raug thiab ua hauj lwm nws skillfully raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv yeeb nkab kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm vuam. .
2.1 Vuam cov khoom zoo sib xws
2.1.1 Brazing ntawm tooj liab rau tooj liab
Phosphorus tooj liab solder los yog phosphorus tooj liab solder nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov nyiaj tsawg tuaj yeem siv tau, xws li 2% lossis 5% nyiaj-raws li solder. Hom solder no kuj pheej yig, muaj ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo, siv qhov sib txawv filling thiab ntub cov txheej txheem, thiab tsis tas yuav flux.
2.1.2 Vuam ntawm tooj liab thiab hlau
Brass strip solder thiab flux tsim nyog tuaj yeem siv tau. Thaum vuam. Lub solder yog rhuab mus rau ib tug tej yam kub thiab ces muab tso rau hauv lub flux, thiaj li hais tias cov flux melts thiab adheres rau lub solder. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab vuam, cov seem seem nyob ze ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke yuav tsum tau txhuam kom huv si nrog dej kub lossis chav dej kom tsis txhob muaj xeb. Thaum siv cov flux, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau dilute nws nrog cawv rau hauv ib qho muab tshuaj txhuam thiab siv rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub vuam sib txuas. Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, cov cawv evaporates sai heev los tsim ib zaj duab xis du uas tsis yooj yim rau ntws. Nws kuj zam qhov kev phom sij ntawm dej rau hauv lub tub yees.
2.2.2 Vuam ntawm tooj liab thiab hlau
Phosphor tooj liab solder los yog tooj dag sawb solder yuav siv tau, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau ib tug coj flux, xws li borax, boric acid los yog ib tug sib tov flux ntawm boric acid.
3.Vuam ua haujlwm
Qhov loj ntawm cov phom vuam thiab cov nplaim hluav taws kub yuav tsum tau siv rau vuam cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov yeeb nkab diameters sib txawv. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov nplaim taws thaum vuam tuaj yeem tswj tau thiab hloov kho los ntawm ob rab koob li qub. Cov nplaim taws raug kho raws li cov pa oxygen thiab acetylene gases. Nyob ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ntim, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom: carbonizing nplaim, nruab nrab nplaim taws thiab oxidizing nplaim.
3.1 Hom thiab yam ntxwv ntawm cov nplaim taws
3.1.1 Carbonizing nplaim taws
Nws cov yam ntxwv yog tias qhov ntim piv ntawm cov pa oxygen rau acetylene roj tsawg dua 1, thiab nws tsis muaj oxygen me ntsis. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los nqa cov pa roj carbon monoxide rau hauv cov hlau thiab cuam tshuam rau cov dej ntws. Nws tawm cov pa luam yeeb dub thiab qhov kub thiab txias yog li 2700. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau cov kav dej ci, thiab lwm yam.
3.1.2 Tsis muaj nplaim taws
Nws cov yam ntxwv yog tias qhov loj ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws yog nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, noj thiab ntws tus nqi ntawm cov roj combustion. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub vuam torch nozzle qhov txiav txim siab txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob, thiab qhov ntws ntawm cov roj sib xyaw txiav txim siab qhov ntev ntawm cov nplaim taws. Qhov ntev ntawm qhov nruab nrab nplaim hluav taws yog muab faib ua peb txheej. Cov nplaim hluav taws yog taw tes thiab conical, dawb thiab ci xim. Cov nplaim sab hauv yog xiav-dawb, thiab cov nplaim sab nrauv maj mam hloov ntawm lavender mus rau txiv kab ntxwv thiab xiav ntawm sab hauv mus rau sab nraud. Qhov kub yog li 3000 ~ 3500 degree, thiab cov pa oxygen Qhov ntim piv rau acetylene roj yog 1: 1.2. Cov nplaim nruab nrab feem ntau yog siv rau vuam yeeb nkab fittings hauv tub yees thiab cua txias.
3.1.3 Oxidation nplaim taws
Nws cov yam ntxwv yog tias cov nplaim hluav taws yog conical, qhov ntev yog pom tseeb luv luv, cov qauv tsis meej, xim tsis muaj xim, cov nplaim sab nraud kuj luv luv, nplaim taws yog xiav, nplaim taws nrog lub suab nrov thaum hlawv, qhov loj me. ntawm lub suab nrov yog nyob ntawm cov pa oxygen siab, thiab cov nplaim hluav taws kub oxidation yog siab dua li cov nplaim nruab nrab, thiab nws yog tsim rau vuam tooj dag yeeb nkab fittings.
Qhov xwm ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws raug xaiv raws li hom thiab cov khoom ntawm cov hlau yuav tsum tau welded, thiab yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau kev xaiv thiab siv.
3.2 Kev kho cov nplaim taws
Ua ntej igniting, qhib lub valve ntawm lub tog raj kheej oxygen thiab acetylene lub tog raj kheej raws li cov txheej txheem kev khiav hauj lwm, kom lub ntsuas pa oxygen tsis tshua muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.2 ~ 0.5Mpa, thiab cov roj acetylene. ' meter ' qhia ib ncig ntawm 0.05Mpa. Tom qab ntawd qhib lub valve me ntsis ntawm cov phom vuam. Tom qab ntawd me ntsis qhib lub acetylene roj valve ntawm lub vuam phom, thiab tib lub sij hawm, sai sai ignite cov roj los ntawm sab nraum qab ntawm lub vuam taub. Tsis txhob teeb hluav taws nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub vuam taub hau kom tsis txhob hlawv koj txhais tes. Nws tuaj yeem hloov kho tom qab ignition. Kev hloov kho ntawm ob lub li qub yog kho qhov sib piv ntawm cov pa oxygen thiab acetylene gas rau hauv cov roj sib xyaw ntawm cov phom vuam, yog li tau txais cov nplaim taws sib txawv.
3.3 Vuam
Cov kauj ruam yuav tsum tau ua raws li nruj me ntsis thaum vuam, txwv tsis pub, qhov zoo ntawm vuam yuav raug cuam tshuam.
3.3.1 Kev npaj thiab kav dej
3.3.1.1 Xyuas seb lub tog raj kheej oxygen thiab acetylene lub tog raj kheej puas txaus.
3.3.1.2 Txheeb xyuas cov duab kos kom paub meej tias txhua yam khoom tiav thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
3.3.1.4 Xyuas kom meej tias txoj kev kho qhov muag ntawm lub raj xa dej yog kab rov tav thiab ntsug, thiab xyuam xim rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm txhua lub valve.
3.3.1.5 Raws li qhov loj thiab txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv daim duab, ntsuas qhov sib thooj ntev nrog ib daim kab xev ntsuas thiab khij txoj hauj lwm nrog ib kab cim.
3.3.1.6 Cov yeeb nkab tooj liab tuab yuav tsum tau kho ua ntej yuav raug tshem tawm nrog lub tshuab txiav, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev txiav yog flushed thiab tsis deformed.
3.3.1.7 Siv cov ntaub ntawv kom du cov burrs ntawm qhov txiav thiab so kom huv si nrog ib daim ntaub qhwv.
3.3.1.8 Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov yeeb nkab fittings yuav tsum tau welded yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav los yog nthuav. Lub qhov ncauj nthuav dav yuav tsum du, puag ncig, tsis muaj burrs thiab tawg, thiab sib xws hauv tuab. Siv cov ntawv xuab zeb los txhuam qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm cov yeeb nkab tooj liab kom huv si, thiab thaum kawg siv daim ntaub qhuav. So kom huv si. Txwv tsis pub, cov dej ntws thiab vuam zoo yuav raug cuam tshuam.
3.3.1.9 Tsuas yog kev vuam ntawm tooj liab liab mus rau liab tooj liab, tag nrho cov yeeb nkab fittings yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog cov ntaub qhwv los yog stainless hlau hlau txhuam ua ntej welding kom nthuav tawm cov hlau ci ntsa iab. (Lub puab nto yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav, thiab hlau chips thiab xuab zeb yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm)
3.3.1.10 Ntxig cov kav dej tooj liab yuav tsum tau welded overlapping ib leeg (ua tib zoo saib rau qhov loj) thiab kho qhov chaw ntawm lub voj voog.
3.3.1.11 Qhov tob qhov ntxig thiab tshem tawm ntawm cov yeeb nkab tooj liab thiab cov kav dej tooj liab tau qhia hauv lub rooj. (Qhov tob tob yog kwv yees li sib npaug ntawm cov yeeb nkab txoj kab uas hla)
3.3.2 Nitrogen-filled shielded vuam
3.3.2.1 Thaum lub sij hawm welding, tsawg-speed nitrogen yuav tsum tau dhau los ntawm cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau welded los tiv thaiv oxidation.
3.3.2.2 Acetylene roj yuav tsum dhau los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas tsis yog oxidation los tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm sab nrauv ntawm cov khoom welded.
3.3.3 Copper yeeb nkab vuam
3.3.3.1 Thaum vuam, qhov yuav tsum tau welded yuav tsum tau preheated. Tshav kub ntawm cov yeeb nkab tooj liab vuam sib txuas nrog nplaim taws. Thaum cov yeeb nkab tooj liab yog rhuab mus rau ntshav liab, tshem tawm cov nplaim hluav taws thiab tso lub solder tiv thaiv kev sib koom ua ke kom cov solder melts thiab ntws mus rau hauv cov welded tooj liab qhov chaw. Qhov kub tom qab cua sov tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov xim. Qhov kub thiab txias yog raws li nram no: tsaus liab: txog 600 degrees Celsius; liab tsaus: txog 700 degrees Celsius; txiv kab ntxwv-liab: txog 1000 degrees Celsius.
3.3.3.2 Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, cov roj vuam nplaim yuav tsum tsis ncaj qha tshav kub ntawm electrode.
3.3.3.3 Cov kev tiv thaiv zoo sib xws yuav tsum tau ua rau cov khoom uas yooj yim deformed lossis puas nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Piv txwv li, lub kaum sab xis li qub, evaporators, condensers, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tau qhwv nrog cov ntaub ntub dej ua ntej vuam. Rau cov solenoid li qub, qhov nthuav dav, cov iav ua kua, thiab plaub-txoj kev li qub, cov uas tuaj yeem tshem tau yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab tom qab ntawd welded. Tib yam siv rau cov uas tsis tuaj yeem disassembled. Siv cov kev ntsuas saum toj no.
3.3.3.4 Thaum vuam, thaum cov yeeb nkab tooj liab yog annealed tom qab vuam, lub annealing kub yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 300 degrees Celsius.
3.3.3.5 Tom qab vuam tiav lawm, txias thiab siv cov nitrogen qhuav los ntxuav cov oxides thiab vuam slag hauv lub raj.
3.3.4 Rau vuam tsis muaj zog thiab kho trachoma vuam vuam
3.3.4.1 Yog tias cov vuam xau pom thaum lub sij hawm ntsuas qhov siab, kev kho vuam yuav tsum tau ua. Thaum lub sij hawm kho welding, nitrogen siv nyob rau hauv lub system siab ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau tso tawm, thiab lub siab yuav tsum tau sim dua tom qab vuam.
3.3.4.2 So tawm cov oxide txheej ntawm lub duav pem hauv ntej nrog cov ntaub qhwv rau kev kho vuam. Tom qab kho vuam, cov nplai oxide yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, thiab tom qab quenching hauv dej, cov yeeb nkab tooj liab yuav tsum tau qhuav yam tsis muaj dej ntws.
3.3.4.3 Tom qab tag nrho cov vuam tiav lawm, lub kaw lus yuav tsum tau purged nrog nitrogen.
