tooj liab - ib qho tseem ceeb Natural Resource
Copper Fact 1
Peb tsis muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev khiav tawm ntawm tooj liab. Cov peev txheej thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov hlau tseem ceeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig no tau kwv yees ntau dua 8.1 trillion phaus uas tsuas yog kwv yees li 1.1 trillion (~ 13.6%) tau mined thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm.
Thiab nco ntsoov, ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov 1.1 trillion phaus tseem nyob hauv kev ncig vim tooj liab tus nqi rov ua dua siab dua li lwm yam hlau engineering.
| 2007 US Mine Production Piv nrog USGS Tam sim no kwv yees ntawm Copper Reserves thiab Resources |
||
|---|---|---|
| billions phaus | lab metric tons | |
| US Mine Production | 2.6 | 1.2 |
| US Reserve Base | 154.3 | 70 |
| Ntiaj teb Reserve Base | 2,072.3 | 940 |
| Total World Resources | 8,157.1* | 3,700* |
| Av raws | 6,613.8* | 3,000* |
| Dej hiav txwv nodules | 1,543.2* | 700* |
| Mined thoob ntiaj teb thoob plaws keeb kwm | 1,234.6 | 557 |
| (*) Ceeb Toom: Raws li qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thoob ntiaj teb ua ntej uas USGS tau koom nrog, tshawb pom thiab tsis pom cov khoom siv tooj liab hauv av yuav tsum muaj ntau tshaj 3 billion metric tons. | ||
| Tau qhov twg los: US Geological Survey, 2008 | ||
Txog thaum zoo rau xyoo 1800s, feem ntau tooj liab siv nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas yuav tsum tau imported. Niaj hnub no, peb zoo li tus kheej txaus thiab, thoob ntiaj teb, thib ob tsuas yog Chile hauv kev tsim khoom.
Tebchaws Meskas yog lub ntiaj teb tus tsim tooj liab loj tshaj plaws txog xyoo 2000; pib xyoo 2000, Chile tau los ua lub ntiaj teb ua tus tsim tooj liab. Tebchaws Asmeskas tam sim no tsim txog li 8% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov khoom siv tooj liab.
Copper Fact 2
Txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas., ze li ntawm 45% ntau npaum li tooj liab tau zoo los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab raws li tau los ntawm cov mined ore tshiab. Tsis suav nrog cov hlau ntau lawm, feem ntau yog siv cov tooj liab tshiab, ze li ntawm ob feem peb ntawm cov nyiaj siv los ntawm cov tooj liab thiab tooj dag mills, ingot makers, foundries, hmoov nroj tsuag thiab lwm yam lag luam los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab.
Copper Fact 3
Yuav luag ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv tooj liab rov qab yog cov khoom qub tom qab cov neeg siv khoom siv, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pov tseg, lub tsheb tsis muaj hluav taws xob thiab cov cua txias, lossis cov kav dej hauv Egypt thaum ub. (Yog lawm, nws tau nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov ntev ntawd.) Cov seem yog cov khoom tshiab, xws li cov chips thiab tig los ntawm cov ntsia hlau tshuab ntau lawm.
Copper Fact 4
Lub koom haum ntawm Scrap Recycling Industries (ISRI) tau tshaj tawm tias ntawm 1.8 thiab 2 lab tons ntawm tooj liab tau rov ua dua txhua xyoo hauv Tebchaws Meskas, txog ib nrab ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj txawv teb chaws.
Copper Fact 5
Txiv neej tau rov siv dua tooj liab thoob plaws keeb kwm. Thaum lub sij hawm Nrab Hnub nyoog, uas pom kev tsis sib haum xeeb, bronze (ib qho hlau ntawm tooj liab thiab tin) cannons feem ntau yog yaj tom qab txhua qhov kev ua tsov ua rog thiab ua rau cov khoom siv tau zoo dua. Cov khoom pov tseg hluav taws xob, cov kav dej kav dej, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj los ntawm cov tub rog, lub tsheb radiators thiab cov khoom seem yog qee qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tooj liab rov qab niaj hnub no.
Copper Fact 6
Raws li US Environmental Protection Agency, kev siv cov tooj liab rov ua dua ua rau kev txuag ntawm 85-90% ntawm lub zog uas xav tau los ua cov tooj liab tshiab los ntawm cov pob zeb nkauj xwb.
