Ib tsab xov xwm zoo los qhia, piav qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm aluminium bronze smelting thiab cov yam ntxwv
Aluminium bronze yog tooj liab alloy nrog txhuas ua lub ntsiab alloy khoom. Nws tau muab faib ua binary aluminium bronze thiab multi-component aluminium bronze.
Alloys uas muaj tsawg dua 7.4% txhuas muaj ib-theem ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm txhua qhov kub thiab txias. Zoo heev plasticity thiab yooj yim rau txheej txheem.
Ib qho alloy nrog cov ntsiab lus txhuas ntawm 7.4% mus rau 9.4% nthuav tawm ib + hauv thaj tsam ntawm 1036 txog 565 degree; ib tug ob-theem qauv. Nyob rau hauv qhov txias txias ntawm ntau lawm, → ib theem transformation txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub alloy feem ntau tsis tiav, thiab ib feem ntawm cov khoom tov yog tseem khaws cia. , thiab tom qab ntawd eutectoid decomposition tshwm sim rau hauv (a + 2) eutectoid, qhov twg 2 yog ib qho khoom tawv thiab nkig. Nws cov tsos yuav ua rau kom hardness thiab lub zog thiab txo cov plasticity.
Thaum lub alloy muaj 9.4% mus rau 15.6% txhuas yog maj mam txias rau 565 degree, → a + Y2 transformation yuav tshwm sim, tsim ib tug eutectoid qauv. Tus (a+ 2) qauv hauv txhuas bronze zoo ib yam li pearlite hauv annealed steel, nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo heev lamellar. Txawm li cas los xij, eutectoid decomposition ntawm theem yog qeeb. Thaum nws txias sai heev, nws yuav tsis muaj sij hawm los decompose, ua rau cov qauv metastable.
Thaum txhuas bronze nrog cov ntsiab lus txhuas ntawm 8.5% mus rau 11% yog maj mam txias, cov theem decomposes rau hauv eutectoid (a+2) thiab cov ntaub ntawv nruam, saw-zoo li coarse 2 hais, ua rau cov hlau ua nkig. Qhov tshwm sim no yog hu ua "Self-annealing" yuav tsum tau zam hauv kev tsim khoom.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm aluminium bronze muaj feem xyuam rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhuas. Nws muaj cov cuab yeej siv siab, tiv thaiv corrosion, hnav tsis kam, tiv thaiv txias, tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam, zoo fluidity, me me sib cais nyiam, thiab ntom ingots thiab castings tau. Nws qhov tsis zoo yog tias nws yooj yim tsim columnar nplej thaum solidification thiab yooj yim rau
Yooj yim kis los ntawm aluminium oxide zaj duab xis, nyuaj rau vuam, thiab tsis ruaj khov txaus hauv chav superheated.
Ntxiv cov ntsiab lus hlau xws li hlau, npib tsib xee, manganese, thiab lwm yam rau binary aluminium bronze tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau thiab nthuav nws daim ntawv thov.
Aluminium nyob rau hauv txhuas bronze yog ib tug muaj zog txo tus neeg sawv cev. Nws yog yooj yim oxidized thaum lub sij hawm smelting txheej txheem thiab generates A203 nrog ib tug siab melting point. Yog tias kho tau zoo, cov yeeb yaj kiab Al202 txuas ntxiv yuav tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov yaj, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv oxidation ntxiv ntawm cov yaj. tiv thaiv zoo yam tsis muaj kev lav phib xaub
Yog tias nws tsis ua haujlwm zoo, tshem tawm slag yuav raug tsim, uas yuav nyuaj rau tshem tawm, yog li dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm slag suav nrog qhov tsis xws luag hauv castings. Los ntawm kev txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm casting, qauv thiab kev ua tau zoo, phosphorus, arsenic, bismuth, zinc thiab txhuas yog tag nrho cov ntsiab lus uas muaj kev phiv thiab yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Hlau thiab manganese yog ob qho tib si siab melting point. Lawv yuav tsum muab faib ua Cu-Fe (20%-30% Fe) thiab Cu-Mn (25%-35%
Mn), Cu-Al (50% AI), Cu-Fe-Al, Cu-Fe-Mn, Al-Fe thiab lwm yam nruab nrab alloys ntxiv rau hauv lub cub tawg kom tsis txhob muaj huab cua ntau thiab oxidation tshwm sim los ntawm qhov ntev- lub sij hawm high-temperature melting. Burnout thiab lub zog pov tseg.
Thaum smelting aluminium bronze, 25% mus rau 75% ntawm cov txheej txheem alloy no feem ntau siv tau. Chips uas muaj roj, emulsion thiab noo noo yuav tsum tau qhuav los yog remelted ua ntej muab tso rau hauv lub qhov cub.
Lub melting point kub ntawm txhua alloying caij nyob rau hauv txhuas bronze los ntawm siab mus rau qis yog hlau, manganese, npib tsib xee, tooj liab, thiab txhuas. Vim lub fusion ntawm aluminium thiab tooj liab
Nws yog nrog los ntawm ib tug muaj zog exothermic nyhuv. Cov yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem siv los tawm hauv ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab (feem ntau hu ua cov khoom siv txias) ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv rau lub qhov cub thaum aluminium ntxiv rau tom qab theem ntawm smelting. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, lub yaj yuav tsis overheated vim lub exothermic nyhuv txuam nrog ntxiv ntawm txhuas, thiab lub zog yuav txuag tau. Hlau tsis yaj yooj yim hauv tooj liab, thiab manganese yooj yim rau txoj haujlwm no. Yog li ntawd, manganese yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau yaj ua ntej hlau. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj xws li NiO thiab NiO.Cu2o hauv cov yaj, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tsis txhob oxidation ntawm cov yaj. Yog tias tsim nyog, deoxidation tuaj yeem ua tau tom qab tooj liab thiab npib tsib xee yaj.
Aluminium bronze yog tsim nyog rau smelting nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab hwj chim zaus coreless induction furnaces. Nws tsis tsim nyog rau smelted nyob rau hauv ib lub hwj chim zaus cored induction rauv. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tias cov slag tsim los ntawm A203 lossis A203 thiab lwm cov oxides yooj yim ua raws li phab ntsa ntawm cov molten trench, ua rau qhov zoo ntawm cov molten trench kom tsis tu ncua kom txog thaum tag nrho cov seem ntawm cov molten trench yog thaiv los ntawm slag.
Lub melting cua ntawm qhov cub induction yog ib qho yooj yim los tswj thiab lub melting ceev ceev, uas yuav pab tau kom txo tau los yog tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov yaj absorbing ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm hydrogen thiab tsim Al2O3 uas yog ib qho nyuaj rau tawm los ntawm cov yaj. Txawm hais tias zoo heev Al2O3 yuav muaj cov nyhuv ntawm refining crystallization, qhov txaus ntshai ntau dua yog tias Al2O3 yuav dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm lamellar tawg tsis xws luag hauv cov khoom tiav.
Flux yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau kev kho mob. Flux muaj peev xwm wetting zoo rau A203 thiab tuaj yeem ntxuav slag zoo thiab yog li txo cov slag.
Qhov tseeb, thaum melting nyob rau hauv nruab nrab- thiab lub hwj chim zaus coreless induction furnaces, tsuav yog tus nqi yog zoo, nws nyob ntawm lub ntuj tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub molten pas dej ua ke.
AL203 zaj duab xis kuj tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv oxidation ntxiv thiab slagging ntawm cov yaj.
Thaum smelting aluminium bronze nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg, lub yaj yog feem ntau tshuab nrog nitrogen los yog hydrogen roj ua ntej pouring kom tshem tawm cov hydrogen absorbed los ntawm cov yaj thaum lub sij hawm smelting txheej txheem. Tus nqi ntawm nitrogen tshuab yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov yaj. Piv txwv li, tus nqi ntawm nitrogen tshuab yog 20L / 100kg ntawm yaj. Lub melting kub ntawm txhuas bronze feem ntau tsis tshaj 1200 degree.
