Lub ntsiab hom ntawm tooj liab deposits nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj xws li porphyry hom, sedimentary pob zeb hom txheej txheej, magmatic sulfide hom, volcanic loj sulfide hom, hlau oxide tooj liab-kub hom, skarn hom, thiab lwm yam., txhua accounting rau 69.{{2} }% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov peev txheej tag nrho. 11.8%, 5.1%, 4.9%, 4.7%, 2.2%, tag nrho yog 97.7%.
Porphyry tooj liab deposits yog cov khoom siv tooj liab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, thiab cov nyiaj kub, molybdenum lossis zinc kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Ultra-loj (ntau tshaj 5 lab tons) porphyry tooj liab deposits yog concentrated nyob rau hauv lub Pacific Rim mineralization domain (Chile, Peru, lub tebchaws United States, Panama, Indonesia, lub Philippines, Papua New Guinea, thiab lwm yam), lub Tethys-Himalayan mineralization domain (Tuam Tshoj, Pakistan, thiab lwm yam) thiab lub ancient Asian mineralization domain (Mongolia, Kazakhstan, thiab lwm yam), lub Pacific Rim mineralization domain yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog concentrated nyob rau hauv South American Andes mineralization siv.
Sedimentary pob zeb hom txheej tooj liab deposits, feem ntau ua nyob rau hauv Central African mineralization cheeb tsam (Congo (DRC), Zambia, thiab lwm yam), muaj ib tug tseem ceeb nyiaj txiag nqi thiab kuj yog lub ntsiab ntawm cobalt. Hom tooj liab no kuj tau tsim nyob rau hauv Russia, Poland, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Chile, Australia thiab lwm lub tebchaws.
Cov magmatic sulfide deposits xws li Norilsk-Tarnakh nickel-tooj liab mine nyob rau hauv Russia, lub Duluth tooj liab-nickel mine nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, lub Shoreberry npib tsib xee-tooj-platinum pab pawg neeg deposit nyob rau hauv Canada, thiab lub Jinchuan tooj liab-nickel mine nyob rau hauv Gansu, Tuam Tshoj, thiab lwm yam volcanic loj sulfide deposits muaj xws li lub Nevis-Corbo zinc-tooj tooj deposits nyob rau hauv Portugal, thiab raug hlau oxide tooj liab-kub deposits muaj xws li Australian Olympic Dam tooj liab-uranium-kub-tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb-hlau deposit, thiab lwm yam., sika Cov pob zeb zoo li pob zeb muaj xws li Pumpkin Valley tooj liab mine hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Dongguashan tooj liab mine hauv Tongling, Anhui, Suav.
tooj liab yog mined nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj 50 lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb. Ntxiv rau tsib lub tebchaws uas muaj cov khoom tsim tawm ntau tshaj li ib lab tons, Australia, Zambia, Russia, Mexico, Canada, Kazakhstan, Indonesia, Poland, thiab lwm yam kuj tseem yog cov neeg tsim khoom tseem ceeb tooj liab. Cov zis ntawm 13 lub teb chaws saum toj no suav rau 86.2% ntawm lub ntiaj teb. National Copper ntawm Chile, Glencore ntawm Switzerland, BHP Billiton ntawm Australia, Freeport-McMoRan ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Southern Copper ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Thawj Quantum Mining ntawm Canada, Polish Copper Group, Rio Tinto ntawm United Kingdom, Antofagasta ntawm Chile, Anglo-American Resources thiab lwm 10 lub tuam txhab loj suav txog 45% ntawm kev tsim tooj liab thoob ntiaj teb hauv 2020.
Lub teb chaws xa tawm tseem ceeb ntawm tooj liab yog Chile, Tebchaws Asmeskas, Indonesia, Canada, Brazil, Australia, thiab lwm yam .; Lub teb chaws tseem ceeb yog Tuam Tshoj, Nyiv, Is Nrias teb, Kaus Lim Qab Teb, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Spain, Philippines, Bulgaria, Brazil thiab Sweden. Ntshuam los ntawm 10 lub teb chaws Cov ntim nyiaj ntau tshaj 80% ntawm thoob ntiaj teb ntshuam. Lub ntsiab exporting lub teb chaws ntawm refined tooj liab muaj xws li Chile, Zambia, Is Nrias teb, Peru, Nyiv, Australia, Russia, Poland, thiab lwm yam. Lub ntsiab importing lub teb chaws muaj xws li Tuam Tshoj, lub teb chaws Yelemees, United States, Ltalis, thiab lwm yam. Lub teb chaws tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tooj liab kev lag luam yog Tebchaws Meskas, United Kingdom, Fabkis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Ltalis, Nyiv thiab Tuam Tshoj. Lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Nyij Pooj yog cov xa tawm xa tawm, thiab Tebchaws Meskas thiab Tuam Tshoj yog net i
cov neeg nqa khoom.
