Kev sib xyaw thiab Metallurgical Basis ntawm Siab -Zoo tooj dag
High-lub zog tooj dag yog tooj liab-zinc alloy uas muaj zog los ntawm aluminium, hlau thiab manganese ntxiv. Cov qib cam khwb cia feem ntau hais hauv Suav xyaum yog ZCuZn25Al6Fe3Mn3, txhais hauv GB / T 1176 rau cam khwb cia tooj liab alloys: zinc nyob ib ncig ntawm 25% nominal, aluminium 4.5% mus rau 7%, hlau 2% mus rau 4% thiab manganese 2% mus rau 3.5% ntawm thaj tsam li 6%, nrog rau qhov sib npaug ntawm 6% mus rau 6%. %. Aluminium nce lub zog, hardness thiab corrosion kuj; hlau refines lub grain thiab txhim kho hnav tsis kam; manganese nce hardness thiab stabilizes tus qauv.
Qhov kev xaiv yuav tsum tau piav qhia raws li qib npe es tsis yog cov qauv tshuaj. Nws txheeb xyuas cov hlau uas nws cov khoom tau lees paub los ntawm tus qauv casting, tsis yog stoichiometric compound, thiab cov tooj liab thiab zinc cov duab hauv ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb yog qhov yuav tsum tau lees paub los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov cua sov.
Zinc Cov ntsiab lus, Theem Structure thiab cov kev txwv ntawm Tsev Neeg
Cov qauv tooj dag hloov nrog cov ntsiab lus zinc. Hauv qab li 35% zinc hauv chav - kub qauv yog ib lub ntsej muag -centred- cubic alpha solid tov, lub alpha tooj dag. Nruab nrab ntawm kwv yees li 35% thiab 45% zinc cov qauv ua alpha ntxiv rau beta, thiab cov beta nyuaj zog nce lub zog thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm kub thaum txo cov ductility. Tshaj li ntawm 45% zinc qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm nkig theem loj hlob sai thiab cov alloys poob cov txiaj ntsig engineering.
Ob qhov kev kho yog tsim nyog hais kom meej. Ua ntej, lub zog tensile nce tsis tu ncua nrog zinc cov ntsiab lus thoob plaws alpha ntau, tab sis elongation tsis nce ntxiv nrog nws: ductility peaks ntawm kwv yees li 30% mus rau 32% zinc thiab tom qab ntawd ntog, uas yog vim li cas lub qhov rais muaj txiaj ntsig kaw ze 45% zinc. Thib ob, kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov txhuas no- muaj cov tooj dag raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov nruab nrab - kub brittleness: lub ductility trough nyob ze ntawm 200 C thiab 700 C, yog li kub sib sau yuav tsum tau nqa tawm siab tshaj li 700 C thiab ib feem yuav tsum tsis txhob tso tseg kom deform maj mam nyob rau hauv lub brittle band.
Mechanical thiab Physical Properties
| Khoom | Tus nqi zoo rau ZCuZn25Al6Fe3Mn3 |
|---|---|
| Qhov ntom | 8,4g 3 |
| Brinell hardness | 200 HB yam tsawg kawg nkaus, feem ntau yog 200 - 250 HB |
| Tensile zog | 700 - 800 MPa |
| Compressive zog | 600 MPa yam tsawg kawg nkaus |
| Elongation | 10% yam tsawg kawg nkaus |
| Kub ua haujlwm kub | siab tshaj 700 C |
| Kev pabcuam kub tsis tu ncua | mus txog 250 C |
| Machineability | Zoo; pub dawb- txiav tus cwj pwm nrog cov cuab yeej ntse |
Vim hais tias cov hlau feem ntau yog muab los ua ib qho casting, qhov tseem ceeb saum toj no tau lees paub ntawm cov khoom qib tom qab kev kho cua sov hauv qhov chaw es tsis yog nyob rau hauv raws li - nrum daim tawv nqaij. Castings uas yuav raug machined rau hauv bearings feem ntau muaj kev ntxhov siab ua ntej ua tiav kom qhov dav dav ntawm qhov kev pab cuam tsawg.
Cam khwb cia cov khoom, daim ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem
Cov hlau yog tsim los ntawm cov xuab zeb casting, centrifugal casting thiab nruam nruam, thiab xa tawm raws li bushes, tes tsho, daim hlau, tuav, rings thiab ze rau -net-puab castings. Qhov twg cov neeg siv khoom xav tau cov ntaub ntawv wrought xws li daim ntawv, sawb, pas nrig lossis raj, muaj feem xyuam rau siab - lub zog brasses nrog qis zinc thiab cov ntsiab lus tooj liab ntau dua yog siv, vim tias kev ua haujlwm wrought yog nyob ntawm cov qauv alpha uas hnyav hnyav hlau casting qib tsis muaj nyob rau hauv tib qhov kev ntsuas.
Melting: nqi zoo thiab yaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv aluminium poob, uas txwv tsis pub hloov lub zog thiab hardness downwards.
Pouring: gating design tseem ceeb tshaj qhov nchuav rau kev khaws cov hlau - nplua nuj theem sib npaug.
Kev kho cua sov: lub voj voog kev ntxhov siab yog siv ua ntej kawg machining kom ruaj khov qhov ntev.
Kev ua tiav: machining, tho txawv, grooving thiab, qhov xav tau, qhov drilling ntawm lub hnab ntim roj hmab yog tag nrho ua tiav tom qab lub casting yog kev ntxhov siab.
Bearings, Bushes thiab Solid -Lubricated Cheebtsam
Daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm siab - zog tooj dag yog raws li cov matrix rau cov bearings thiab bushes. Cam khwb cia bushes nrog cov matrix no nqa cov loads tshwj xeeb, tiv thaiv kev poob siab thiab zam cov marginal lubrication thiab cov chaw tsis huv.
Ib tsev neeg loj ntawm cov khoom mus ib kauj ruam ntxiv thiab embeds cov roj nplua nyeem rau hauv cov kabmob nto. Cylindrical plugs ntawm graphite, molybdenum disulphide los yog polytetrafluoroethylene yog teem rau hauv radial qhov teem nyob rau hauv ib tug txhais qauv, los yog cov hnab tshos muaj ib tug muab tshuaj txhuam uas muaj xws li graphite thiab roj. Nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam lub rubbing txiav txim hloov ib tug nyias lubricating zaj duab xis hla lub ncej, thiab cov kabmob ces khiav nrog tsawg heev los yog tsis muaj lwm lubricant mov. Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj li cov pa roj carbon monoxide- zaj duab xis bearings yog lub peev xwm thauj khoom siab, roj- ua haujlwm pub dawb, qhov zoo ntawm qhov tseeb tom qab kev siv tshuab thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm tus cwj pwm ruaj khov ntawm qhov qis zawv zawg, qhov twg hydrodynamic lubrication tsis tuaj yeem tsim txhua yam. Cov neeg siv zoo yog cov tshuab txhaj tshuaj molding, hydraulic turbines, cranes, mining thiab metallurgical khoom, dov zeb stands, presses thiab marine lawj machinery.
Kev Xaiv thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Cov Lus Cim
Thaum qhia txog qib, hais tus qauv casting, qhov hardness ntau thiab machining kam rau ua ua ke nrog cov tshuaj ntau yam. Lub hardness ntau yam uas dav dhau yog ib txwm ua rau tsis sib xws ntawm machining thiab ntawm cov hav txwv yeem ntxov ntxov, yog li nws yog qhov kev coj ua zoo los txhais qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm Brinell tus nqi.
Kev txheeb xyuas feem ntau yog los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tshuaj spectrometric ntawm cov qauv coj los ntawm tib lub tshav kub, kev sim hardness ntawm lub casting los yog ntawm daim coupon xeem, thiab ultrasonic los yog penetrant tshuaj xyuas rau sab hauv tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv hnyav loaded bushes. Dimensional soj ntsuam ntawm bore, phab ntsa thickness thiab lubricant hnab tshos qauv ua tiav qhov tso tawm daim tshev.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q: Lub npe ZCuZn25Al6Fe3Mn3 txhais li cas?
Nws yog Suav cam khwb cia tooj liab alloy qib npe rau siab - lub zog tooj dag nrog txog 25% zinc thiab ntxiv ntawm txhuas, hlau thiab manganese; cov lej tom qab yog nominal pawg feem pua ntawm cov ntsiab lus, tsis yog cov tshuaj formula.
Q: Vim li cas thiaj yuav tsum ua haujlwm kub siab tshaj 700 C?
Aluminium - muaj cov tooj dag qhia tias muaj qhov ductility ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm 200 C thiab 700 C, thiab ua rau hauv qhov band ua rau tawg, yog li lub cub tawg thiab forging cov sij hawm khaws cov khoom ua haujlwm siab tshaj li 700 C kom txog thaum cov duab tiav.
Q: Puas muaj tseeb tias ob qho tib si lub zog thiab elongation nce raws li zinc nce?
Tsis yog. Lub zog nce thoob plaws alpha ntau, tab sis elongation nce mus txog qhov siab tshaj ntawm 30% mus rau 32% zinc thiab tom qab ntawd ntog, uas yog vim li cas alloys siab tshaj li 45% zinc tsis tshua siv.
Q: Dab tsi yog ib qho khoom siv -lubricated bearing?
Nws yog cov kabmob uas nws cov tooj dag matrix muaj cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj lossis hnab ris ntawm graphite, molybdenum disulphide lossis polytetrafluoroethylene, kom cov ntaub ntawv lubricating ncaj qha rau ntawm ncej thiab cov kabmob tuaj yeem khiav yam tsis muaj cov roj sab nraud.
Q: Cov ntawv thov twg haum rau qib no zoo tshaj?
Kev thauj khoom hnyav, qeeb- khiav cov kabmob thiab cov bushes, cab iav, swb daim hlau thiab hnav rings hauv presses, dov mills, molding machinery thiab deck machinery yog lub luag haujlwm classic.
Q: Yuav ua li cas kom paub tseeb tias qhov zoo ntawm kev xa khoom?
Xyuas cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov cua sov, hardness ntawm lub casting los yog daim coupon, thiab machined bore thiab phab ntsa thickness; rau cov bushes tseem ceeb, ntxiv ib qho kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas sab hauv xws li kev ntsuas ultrasonic los yog penetrant.
