Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm hydrometallurgy rau kev lag luam tooj liab
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm hydrometallurgy ntawm kev lag luam tooj liab (1) Nws tuaj yeem ua cov tooj liab qis qis. Qib ntawm tooj liab ore kho los ntawm heap leaching hauv Tebchaws Meskas tseem tsawg li 0.04%. Yav dhau los, daim ntawv tshuav nyiaj li cas, cov pob zeb pov tseg, tailings, thiab lwm yam uas xav tias tsis tuaj yeem siv tau los ua cov khoom siv tooj liab, yog li nthuav dav dav ntawm kev siv tooj liab; (2) Hydrometallurgy muaj cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab siv hluav taws xob tsawg, yog li tus nqi tsim khoom tsawg. Xyoo 1997, tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm Western SX-EW tooj liab yog 43 xees / phaus, uas suav nrog 8 xees / phaus mining nqi, 15 xees / phaus leaching nqi, 18 xees / phaus SX-EW tus nqi, thiab 2 xees / phaus tswj. nqi. Xyoo 1997, tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm Western pyrometallurgical tooj liab yog 70 xees / phaus; (3) Tus nqi peev tsawg thiab lub sijhawm tsim kho yog luv. Tus nqi peev ntawm cov khoom lag luam loj ntawm hydrometallurgical tooj liab smelting nroj tsuag txawv teb chaws yog 2,300 $ / t Cu, thaum lub tsev peev nqi ntawm pyrometallurgical tooj liab smelting nroj tsuag tshaj 4,500 $ / t Cu. Vim yog cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim, chav tsev peev nqi ntawm Tuam Tshoj hydrometallurgical tooj liab smelting nroj tsuag tsuas yog 10,{23}} txog 12,000 yuan/t; (4) Tsis muaj teeb meem ib puag ncig. Cov txheej txheem hydrometallurgical tooj liab smelting tsis emit SO2 flue gas. Thaum cov sulfide ore yog pressurized thiab leached, sulfur tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm S2, zam qhov teeb meem ntawm cov sulfuric acid ntau dhau. Tshwj xeeb, underground leaching thev naus laus zis tsis xav kom cov ore yuav tsum tau mined, tsis ua rau cov nroj tsuag thiab ecology, thiab pab txhim kho cov kev ua hauj lwm ntawm miners; (5) Cov khoom siv tooj liab cathode yog qhov zoo. Txij li cov kuab tshuaj extraction tshuab muaj kev xaiv zoo rau tooj liab, purity ntawm tooj liab electrolyte yog siab heev, thiab qhov zoo ntawm cathode tooj liab ua tau mus txog 99.999%. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv Pb-Ca-Sn alloy anodes thiab ntxiv ntawm Co2+ hauv cov electrolyte zoo tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov hlau lead anode thiab xyuas kom zoo ntawm cov khoom cathode; (6) Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm tuaj yeem loj lossis me, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tuam txhab suav. Nws yog qhov tseeb vim tias cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm hydrometallurgy uas nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho tau sai. Thaum cov teeb meem nyiaj txiag hauv Esxias ua rau muaj kev poob qis hauv cov nqi hlau tsis muaj hlau los ntawm ib nrab xyoo 1997 txog 1998, cov nqi tooj liab txuas ntxiv poob. Qee cov tuam txhab tooj liab sab hnub poob tau kaw lawv cov nqi hluav taws xob pyrometallurgical tooj liab smelters, tab sis lub sijhawm no, lub ntiaj teb hydrometallurgical tooj liab ntau lawm tseem loj hlob, uas tuaj yeem qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hydrometallurgy technology. Yav dhau los, nws tau ntseeg tias cov txheej txheem leaching-extraction-electrowinning tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev kho cov pob zeb pov tseg, oxidized ore, thiab qis-qib ore, uas yog, tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev kho cov ore uas nyuaj los yog tsis yooj yim los kho los ntawm pyrometallurgy. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev txhim kho thiab kev lag luam ntawm biotechnology thiab siab leaching tshuab tau hloov tib neeg txoj kev nkag siab. Kev siv bio-heap leaching tuaj yeem kho cov qib high-qib sulfide ores, thiab tau mus txog qhov ntau lawm, dhau los ua txoj kev tsim khoom loj heev. Kev siv cov tshuab siab leaching los kho cov qib high-qib sulfide ores kuj tau muaj kev lag luam, thiab tau mus txog qhov ntau lawm ntawm 50, 000 t / aA-qib tooj liab, nrog rau kev khiav hauj lwm tus nqi tsuas yog 35 xees / phaus. . Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias nyob rau xyoo tas los no, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm hydrometallurgical tooj liab smelting tau hloov los ntawm oxidized ore thiab khib nyiab pob zeb mus rau sulfide ore, thiab txawm tooj liab concentrate nrog chalcopyrite raws li lub ntsiab tivthaiv tau raug coj los ua lub hom phiaj nyuaj. Nws ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, tib neeg yuav siv tau hydrometallurgical technology los kho tej tooj liab ore, thiab muaj peev xwm sib tw nrog pyrometallurgy nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm peev thiab nqi.
