Niaj hnub no, cia peb tham txog kev siv tooj liab hauv kev thauj mus los! Lub sector kev thauj mus los yog qhov yooj yim heev thiab tuaj yeem faib ua plaub thaj chaw: nkoj, tsheb, thiab dav hlau.
1. Nkoj
Cia peb tham txog tej nkoj. Tooj liab tau dav siv nyob rau hauv lub nkoj shrbuilding, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov alloys muaj ntau yam uas muaj kev tiv thaiv hiav txwv corrosion.
Vim yog lawv cov dej hiav txwv zoo heev, cov khoom siv daj ua ke, tus tooj liab, thiab nickel {1} {}} tooj liab alloys (Monel) tau dhau los ua cov qauv siv rau cov khoom lag luam. Feem ntau, tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys account rau 2-3% ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog thiab cov tub lag luam nkoj.
Cov kws lij choj ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog thiab cov tub luam neeg lag luam loj tshaj plaws yog ua los ntawm txhuas bronze lossis tooj dag. Txhua tus kiv cua ntawm lub nkoj loj uas hnyav hnyav hnyav li 20-25 tons.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm lub dav hlau cov huab cua NS poj huab tais Elizabeth thiab H ya poj huab tais Maivliag txhua qhov hnyav 35 tons. "Admonal" Gunmetal feem ntau yog siv rau lub laub hnyav shafts ntawm cov nkoj loj, raws li yog cov rudders thiab kiv cua tapers. Tooj liab thiab kua liab alloys kuj tseem siv tau ntau hauv cov cav thiab cov chav boiler. Lub ntiaj teb thawj zaug nuclear - powered luam lag luam siv 30-tuj cuponickel condensers. Tsis ntev los no, txhuas tooj dag cov leeg tau siv rau cov cua sov cua sov loj hauv cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam.
Lub nkoj 100,000-tuj yuav muaj 12 lub tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam, yuav tsum muaj lub zog cua sov ntau. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tseem ua rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob, nrog tshuab, hluav taws xob tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab cov tshuab sib txuas lus yuav luag tag nrho cov alloys.
Lub thawv ntawm cov nkoj ntawm txhua qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog kho kom zoo nkauj nrog tooj liab thiab tooj liab. Txawm tias ntoo cov nkoj muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo nrog cov ntsia hlau thiab cov ntsia hlau ua los ntawm cov roj cancer tooj (feem ntau tuaj yeem yog pawg-} tsim tawm los ntawm dov.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ua lub neej marine los ntawm kev ua kom lub hull, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev tshawb nrhiav, cov xim tooj liab tau siv yav dhau los; Tam sim no, tooj - muaj cov xim yog cov tshuaj muaj.
Thaum lub sijhawm World War II, anti {{{- Sib Nqus Mine cov khoom siv tau tsim los tiv thaiv nkoj los ntawm German sib nqus Mines. Lub band tooj liab tau txuas ib ncig ntawm cov hlau hull, thiab hluav taws xob tam sim no tau dhau los ntawm nws kom nruab lub nkoj lub nkoj sib nqus, tiv thaiv kuv tus kheej los ntawm kev tshem tawm.
Ii. Kev Lag Luam Automotive
Txhua lub tsheb siv 10 txog 21 Kilograms ntawm tooj liab, sib txawv raws li hom thiab loj ntawm lub tsheb. Rau lub sedan, nws cov account rau kwv yees li 6 txog 9% ntawm nws qhov hnyav.
Tooj liab thiab cov khoom tooj liab yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nres thiab ntau pob qij txha, thiab ntau yam fittings, thiab accessories. Radiators noj ntau tshaj plaws tooj liab. Tube niaj hnub -}}} ribbon radiators ua ke los ua cov leeg, thiab nyias tooj liab Ribbon Bent ua ke los ua cov fins.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, kev txhim kho ntau ntau tau ua rau txhawb ntxiv kev ua tau zoo ntawm tooj liab radiators thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lawv cov kev sib tw tawm tsam txhuas radiators. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom ua tau zoo, kab kawm tau ntxiv rau tooj liab kom ua kom muaj zog thiab softening taw tes thermal conductivity, yog li txo cov tuab ntawm sawb thiab txuag cov hlau. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim khoom siv tshuab, siab- zaus} zaus lossis tooj liab solder, hloov cov khoom {} kov. Piv rau brazed txhuas radiators, nyob rau hauv tib lub tshav kub dissipation mob poob- Tus tooj liab loj loj dua thiab me dua. Coupled nrog hlau zoo heev corrosion tsis kam thiab lub neej kev pabcuam ntev, qhov zoo ntawm tooj liab radiators yog ntau tshaj tshaj tawm.
Nrog lub zog hloov, cov tsheb loj tshiab tau muab tso rau cov kev thov zoo dua ntawm tooj liab! Lub zog hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau nyiaj ntawv ci. Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Siv Hluav Taws Xob Siv 25.3 {}} 38.0 kg ntawm lithium {3.} ion tooj liab ntawv siv 6.2-9.3 kg.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub xov hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob yog tsim los ntawm cov pas liab. Txhua lub tsheb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov ntsaws rau hauv hybrid siv 12.3 kg thiab 8.9 kg ntawm tooj liab ib lub cev muaj zog, feem. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tsheb hluav taws xob tau siv tooj liab hauv lawv lub siab- voltage thiab qis} voltage hlau xaim hluav taws xob. Qhov qes - voltage hlau hluav taws xob txoj hlua hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob ib qho ntxiv 5} {voltage hlau yuav tsum muaj hluav taws xob conductivity.
III. RAILWAY SECTOR
Railway electrification yuav tsum muaj ntau cov khoom loj ntawm tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys. Tshaj 2 tons ntawm tshwj xeeb- shap tooj liab hlau yuav tsum muaj rau txhua kis ntawm cov neeg coj ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau txhim kho nws lub zog, me me ntawm tooj liab (kwv yees li 1%) lossis nyiaj feem ntau ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev qhia cov motors, rectifiers, kho thiab tswj, braking, thiab signaling tshuab tag nrho cia ntawm tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys.
Thaum lub sijhawm cov qauv tsim qauv, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm tooj liab thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv rau kev nce qib nruj thiab lub zog, ua rau nws tiv thaiv qhov hnyav thiab qhov cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm.
IV. Lub dav hlau Kev Lag Luam
Cov dav hlau thauj khoom tseem tso siab rau tooj liab. Piv txwv li, tooj liab tau siv hauv cov hlau hluav taws, hydraulic, txias, thiab tshuab pneumatic; Aluminium - bronze tubing yog siv rau cov kabmob khaws thiab tsaws iav bearings; antimagnetic hlau alloys tau siv rau cov cuab yeej navigation; Thiab tooj - tooj liab elastic ntsiab yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau cov twj paj nruag.
Cov roj cig liab alloys yuav siv tau rau qee lub dav hlau cav, xws li turbine hniav txias ductions txias thiab sib txuas ntawm Chamber Liners. Tsis tas li ntawd, tooj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis cua sov sib pauv hauv cov dav hlau thermal kev tswj cov tshuab kev tswj hwm tau yooj yim los ntawm lub cav, kom ua haujlwm ntawm lub dav hlau.
Lub tuam txhab muaj pawg ntawm cov coj tooj liab ua ntau lawm cov kab hauv Suav teb, suav nrog:
German tau yog precision tooj liab raj ntau lawm kab (ib xyoos tawm ntawm 30,000 tons)
Japanese technology Tooj liab ntawv tuav kab (thinnest txog li 6μm)
Tsis Siv Neeg Siab Tooj Liab Bar Nruam Extrusion Kab
Cov Ntawv Ntse Copper thiab Sawb Fining Mill Chav Tsev
Digitalized kev tswj hwm thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntau lawm tau pom los ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom lag luam, thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem ncav cuag ± 0.01 hli.
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