Hais txog kev kho cua sov ntawm cupronickel, cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev siv cov qib cupronickel yuav raug piav qhia.

Hais txog kev kho cua sov ntawm cupronickel, cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev siv cov qib cupronickel yuav raug piav qhia.

1. Taw qhia txog tooj liab dawb

Copper-nickel alloys muaj Ni<50% (wt) are called white copper.

Txij li thaum ob lub ntsiab tooj liab thiab npib tsib xee yog ze heev nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lub sij hawm, lawv electrochemical zog thiab atomic radii tsis txawv ntau, thiab lawv yog ob lub ntsej muag-centered cubic lattices, lawv yog infinitely soluble nyob rau hauv ib leeg. Tooj liab yog non-magnetic thiab nickel yog ferromagnetic. Hauv Cu-Ni binary alloy, raws li Ni cov ntsiab lus txo qis, Curie point ntawm cov alloy txo. Thaum cov ntsiab lus nickel poob rau 74%, Curie point poob rau hauv chav tsev kub; thaum cov ntsiab lus nickel poob rau 50%, Curie point poob qis dua -200 degree .

Ntxiv npib tsib xee rau tooj liab tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, hluav taws xob tsis kam thiab thermoelectric zog. Muaj tooj liab-nickel alloys tau muab faib ua cov qauv dawb tooj liab thiab hluav taws xob dawb tooj liab raws li cov yam ntxwv sib txawv thiab kev siv. Cov tooj liab-nickel binary alloy yog hu ua yooj yim dawb tooj liab. Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov tooj liab dawb yooj yim yog nws cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ntau yam corrosive media xws li seawater, organic acids, thiab ntau yam ntsev tov, thiab zoo heev txias thiab kub ua haujlwm. Tus lej tooj liab dawb yog ua ntej "B", ua raws li cov ntsiab lus nickel (%). Cupronickel uas tseem muaj lwm cov ntsiab lus hu ua complex cupronickel lossis tshwj xeeb cupronickel.

Cupronickel muaj Mn yog hu ua manganese cupronickel, tseem hu ua constantan, xws li BMn40-1.5. Nws muaj pes tsawg leeg (wt) yog 40% Ni thiab 1.5% Mn.

Ntxiv ib qho me me ntawm manganese lossis hlau rau tooj liab dawb tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua kom cov nplej loj, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho nws cov corrosion kuj. Yog li ntawd, cov hlau uas muaj cov tooj liab dawb - hlau-dawb tooj liab BFe30-1-1 thiab BFe5-1, tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom ua haujlwm hauv cov nkoj mus rau hauv hiav txwv thiab lwm yam xov xwm uas muaj zog heev.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm zinc hauv tooj liab-nickel alloys yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom muaj zog thiab txhim kho corrosion kuj. Zinc-nickel tooj liab muaj Ni ntawm 5%-35% (wt) thiab Zn ntawm 13%-45% (wt). Ntawm lawv, BZn15-20 yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion siab, kev ua haujlwm zoo, zoo nkauj silvery dawb xim, me me lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, thiab tus nqi qis. Zinc-nickel tooj liab ntxiv nrog<2% (wt) Pb and trace amounts of selenium. (Se) and tellurium (Te) can improve processability and are suitable for manufacturing precision mechanical parts.

Lub solubility ntawm txhuas nyob rau hauv tooj liab-nickel alloys txo qis raws li qhov kub thiab txias yuav txo tau cov tshuaj muaj zog. Piv txwv li, aluminium-nickel tooj liab BAl13-3 thiab BAl16-1.5 tsis tsuas yog muaj cov khoom siv zoo heev thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion, tab sis kuj muaj elasticity siab thiab kub tsis kam. Ntawm qhov kub qis ntawm 90K (-183 degree), cov khoom siv kho tshuab tsis tsuas yog txo qis, tab sis kuj txhim kho. txhim kho!

Ntxiv Ti (titanium), Zr (zirconium), Ne (niobium), Mo thiab lwm yam khoom siv rau tooj liab-nickel alloys tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau, txhim kho chav tsev kub cov khoom siv thiab cov thermoplasticity, thiab tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau vuam thiab corrosion. tsis kam.

Cov npe hauv qab no yog cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev siv cupronickel rau cov qauv corrosion-resistant:

B5

Sawb M, tensile zog 220MPa, elongation 32%

Sawb Y, tensile zog 400MPa, elongation 10%

Siv rau nkoj corrosion-resistant qhov chaw.

B19

Sawb Y, tensile zog 400MPa, elongation 10%

Sawb M, tensile zog 300MPa, elongation 25%

Sawb Y, tensile zog 400MPa, elongation 3%

Phaj M, tensile zog 300MPa, elongation 30%

Phaj Y, tensile zog 400MPa, elongation 3%

Nws yog siv rau precision ntsuas, ntsuas qhov chaw, thiab hlau mesh thiab tshuaj corrosion-resistant qhov chaw uas ua hauj lwm hauv chav, dej tshiab, thiab seawater.

B30

Sawb M, tensile zog 380MPa

Sawb Y, tensile zog 550MPa

Phaj M, tensile zog 380MPa, elongation 23%

Phaj Y, tensile zog 550MPa, elongation 3%

Nws yog siv rau corrosion-resistant qhov chaw ua haujlwm hauv chav dej thiab dej hiav txwv, thiab cov kav dej hlau thiab cov kav dej condensing ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias.

BMn 3-12

Sawb M, tensile zog 360MPa, elongation 25%

Phaj Y, tensile zog 360MPa, elongation 25%

Lub hom phiaj yog tib yam li saum toj no.

BZn15-20

Sawb M, tensile zog 350MPa, elongation 3.5%

Sawb Y, tensile zog 550MPa, elongation 1.5%

Sawb T, tensile zog 650MPa, elongation 1%

Phaj M, tensile zog 350MPa, elongation 3.5%

Sawb Y, tensile zog 550MPa, elongation 2%

Phaj T, tensile zog 650MPa, elongation 1%

Tswj pas nrig Y, txoj kab uas hla 5-20mm, tensile zog 450MPa, elongation 5%

Tswj pas nrig Y, txoj kab uas hla 21-30mm, tensile zog 400MPa, elongation 7%

Tswj pas nrig Y, txoj kab uas hla 31-40mm, tensile zog 350MPa, elongation 12%

Tswj pas nrig M, tensile zog 300MPa, elongation 30%

Siv nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej precision machinery qhov chaw, muaj cov tais diav, thiab kev kho mob machinery.

IB6-1.5

Phaj, tensile zog 550MPa, elongation 3%

Siv los ua cov springs thiab elastic qhov chaw.

2. Lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv hluav taws xob dawb yog qhia hauv qab no.

Yooj yim dawb tooj liab B0.6

Thermal conductivity λ272w / (m· degree)

Resistivity ρ0.031 × 10ˉ6Ω·m

Kuj kub coefficient 0.0028/degree

Yooj yim dawb tooj liab B16

Linear expansion coefficient 15.3 × 10ˉ6 / degree

Resistivity ρ0.223 × 10ˉ6Ω·m

Kuj kub coefficient 0.0028/degree

Manganese tooj liab BMn 3-12

Linear expansion coefficient 16.0 × 10ˉ6/ degree

Tshwj xeeb kub c410J / kg· degree

Thermal conductivity λ22w / (m· degree)

Resistant ρ{0}.435 × 10ˉ6Ω·m

Kuj kub coefficient 0.00003/degree

Constantan BMn40-1.5

Linear expansion coefficient 14.4 × 10ˉ6 / degree

Tshwj xeeb kub c410J / kg· degree

Thermal conductivity λ21w / (m· degree)

Resistant ρ{0}.435 × 10ˉ6Ω·m

Kuj kub coefficient 0.00002/degree

Test bronze BMn43-0.5

Linear expansion coefficient 14.4 × 10ˉ6 / degree

Thermal conductivity λ24w / (m· degree)

Resistivity ρ0.49 × 10ˉ6Ω·m

Kuj kub coefficient -0.00014/degree

3. Kev kho cua sov ntawm cov tooj liab dawb

Aluminium dawb tooj liab BAl2-3 tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Tom qab kev daws teeb meem ntawm 900 degree, txias dov 50%, thiab kev laus ntawm 550 degree, lub zog tuaj yeem ncav cuag 800-1000MPa, thiab cov kua hauv lub xeev tsuas yog 250-350MPa.

Lub intracrystal segregation ntawm dawb tooj liab ingot yog loj thiab homogenization annealing yuav tsum tau nqa tawm. Lub homogenization annealing system ntawm tooj liab dawb yog raws li nram no:

B19, B30, kub 100-1050 degree, lub sij hawm 3-4h

BMn3-12, kub 830-870 degree , lub sij hawm 2-3h

BMn40-1.5, kub 1050-1150 degree , lub sij hawm 3-4h

BZn15-20, kub 940-970 degree , lub sij hawm 2-3h

Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov sib txawv ntawm cov tooj liab dawb muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau nws qhov kev ua tau zoo. BMn3-12 siv rau cov cuab yeej precision yuav tsum muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab tshem tawm kom ruaj khov.

BMn 40-1.5 ua hauj lwm ntawm qhov kub siab yuav tsum tau luv luv annealed ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj ntawm 750-850 degree, dej-txias los yog cua-txias.

Cov zinc-nickel tooj liab BZn 15-20 siv los ua cov khoom elastic tuaj yeem ua rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 325-375 degree .

Qhov nruab nrab annealing kub (degree) ntawm dawb tooj liab machined qhov chaw yuav tsum tau txo kom tsim nyog raws li qhov zoo thickness (mm) txo, raws li teev hauv qab no:

B19, B25

750-780℃ (>5 hli) 700-750 degree (15-mm)

{{0}} degree (0.5-1mm) 530-620 degree (<0.5mm)

BZn15-20\bmN3-12

700-750 degree (loj tshaj 5mm) 680-730 degree (1-5mm)

{{0}} degree (0.5-1mm) 520-600 degree (<0.5mm)

IB6-1.5, BAl13-3

700-750℃ (>5mm) 700-730 (1-5 hli)

{{0}} degree (0.5-1mm) 550-600 degree (＜0.5mm)

BMn40-1.5

800-850℃ (>5 hli) 750-800 degree (1-5mm)

{{0}} degree (0.5-1mm) 550-600 degree (<0.5mm)

Lub annealing kub ntawm tiav tooj liab-nickel rods thiab nyob ntawm tej kuj txawv nrog cov sib txawv lub xeev ntawm "semi-hard thiab mos" ua ntej annealing, raws li teev hauv qab no:

BZn15-20

Bar, semi-hard 400-420 degree, mos 650-700 degree

Hlau Φ{{0}} 3-Φ6.0, mos 650-700 degree

BMn 3-12

Hlau Φ{{0}} 3-Φ6.0, mos 500-540 degree

BMn40-1.5

Hlau Φ{0}}3-Φ0.8, mos 670-680 degree

Hlau Φ{{0}} 85-Φ2.0, mos 690-700 degree

Hlau Φ2.1-Φ6.0, mos 710-730 degree